Mac Christina, Cheung Kylem, Alzoubi Tala, Atacan Can, Sehar Hibah, Liyanage Shefali, AlShurman Bara' Abdallah, Butt Zahid Ahmad
School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada.
Infect Dis Rep. 2024 Apr 23;16(3):407-422. doi: 10.3390/idr16030030.
(1) Current literature on ethnic minorities, comorbidities, and COVID-19 tends to investigate these factors separately, leaving gaps in our understanding about their interactions. Our review seeks to identify a relationship between ethnicity, comorbidities, and severe COVID-19 outcomes (ICU admission and mortality). We hope to enhance our understanding of the various factors that exacerbate COVID-19 severity and mortality in ethnic minorities in Canada and the USA. (2) All articles were received from PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, and Ovid EMBASE from November 2020 to June 2022. Included articles contain information regarding comorbidities among ethnic minorities in relation to COVID-19 severity and mortality. (3) A total of 59 articles were included that examined various ethnic groups, including Black/African American, Asian, Hispanic, White/Caucasian, and Indigenous people. We found that the most examined comorbidities were diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and chronic kidney disease. A total of 76.9% of the articles (40 out of 52) found a significant association between different races and COVID-19 mortality, whereas 21.2% of the articles (11 out of 52) did not. (4) COVID-19 ICU admissions and mortality affect various ethnic groups differently, with Black patients generally having the most adverse outcomes. These outcomes may also interact with sex and age, though more research is needed assessing these variables together with ethnicity.
(1) 目前关于少数族裔、合并症与新冠病毒病（COVID-19）的文献往往分别研究这些因素，这使得我们对它们之间相互作用的理解存在空白。我们的综述旨在确定种族、合并症与COVID-19严重后果（入住重症监护病房和死亡）之间的关系。我们希望增进对加剧加拿大和美国少数族裔中COVID-19严重程度和死亡率的各种因素的理解。(2) 所有文章均于2020年11月至2022年6月从PubMed、Scopus、CINAHL和Ovid EMBASE获取。纳入的文章包含少数族裔中与COVID-19严重程度和死亡率相关的合并症信息。(3) 总共纳入了59篇研究不同种族群体的文章，包括黑人/非裔美国人、亚裔、西班牙裔、白人/高加索人以及原住民。我们发现研究最多的合并症是糖尿病、高血压、肥胖症和慢性肾脏病。共有76.9%的文章（52篇中的40篇）发现不同种族与COVID-19死亡率之间存在显著关联，而21.2%的文章（52篇中的11篇）未发现这种关联。(4) COVID-19入住重症监护病房情况和死亡率对不同种族群体的影响各异，黑人患者通常预后最差。这些结果可能也与性别和年龄相互作用，不过还需要更多研究将这些变量与种族一起进行评估。
