Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
College of Agriculture, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Ganj Basoda, Vidisha, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Microbiol Res. 2024 Aug;285:127764. doi: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127764. Epub 2024 May 15.
The future of agriculture is questionable under the current climate change scenario. Climate change and climate-related calamities directly influence biotic and abiotic factors that control agroecosystems, endangering the safety of the world's food supply. The intricate interactions between soil microorganisms, including plants, bacteria, and fungi, play a pivotal role in promoting sustainable agriculture and ecosystem restoration. Soil microbes play a major part in nutrient cycling, including soil organic carbon (SOC), and play a pivotal function in the emission and depletion of greenhouse gases, including CH, CO, and NO, which can impact the climate. At this juncture, developing a triumphant metagenomics approach has greatly increased our knowledge of the makeup, functionality, and dynamics of the soil microbiome. Currently, the involvement of plants in climate change indicates that they can interact with the microbial communities in their environment to relieve various stresses through the innate microbiome assortment of focused strains, a phenomenon dubbed "Cry for Help." The metagenomics method has lately appeared as a new platform to adjust and encourage beneficial communications between plants and microbes and improve plant fitness. The metagenomics of soil microbes can provide a powerful tool for designing and evaluating ecosystem restoration strategies that promote sustainable agriculture under a changing climate. By identifying the specific functions and activities of soil microbes, we can develop restoration programs that support these critical components of healthy ecosystems while providing economic benefits through ecosystem services. In the current review, we highlight the innate functions of microbiomes to maintain the sustainability of agriculture and ecosystem restoration. Through this insight study of soil microbe metagenomics, we pave the way for innovative strategies to address the pressing challenges of food security and environmental conservation. The present article elucidates the mechanisms through which plants and microbes communicate to enhance plant resilience and ecosystem restoration and to leverage metagenomics to identify and promote beneficial plant-microbe interactions. Key findings reveal that soil microbes are pivotal in nutrient cycling, greenhouse gas modulation, and overall ecosystem health, offering novel insights into designing ecosystem restoration strategies that bolster sustainable agriculture. As this is a topic many are grappling with, hope these musings will provide people alike with some food for thought.
在当前气候变化情景下,农业的未来令人怀疑。气候变化和与气候相关的灾害直接影响控制农业生态系统的生物和非生物因素,危及世界粮食供应的安全。土壤微生物之间的复杂相互作用,包括植物、细菌和真菌,在促进可持续农业和生态系统恢复方面发挥着关键作用。土壤微生物在包括土壤有机碳 (SOC) 在内的养分循环中起着主要作用,在温室气体(包括 CH、CO 和 NO)的排放和消耗中起着关键作用,这些气体可能会影响气候。在这一时刻,成功开发宏基因组学方法极大地增加了我们对土壤微生物组组成、功能和动态的了解。目前,植物对气候变化的参与表明,它们可以通过其环境中的微生物群落与各种压力相互作用,通过集中菌株的固有微生物组排列来缓解各种压力,这一现象被称为“呼救”。宏基因组学方法最近作为一种新的平台出现,用于调整和鼓励植物和微生物之间的有益交流,并提高植物的适应性。土壤微生物的宏基因组学可以为设计和评估在气候变化下促进可持续农业的生态系统恢复策略提供强大的工具。通过确定土壤微生物的特定功能和活动,我们可以开发支持健康生态系统这些关键组成部分的恢复计划,同时通过生态系统服务提供经济效益。在本综述中,我们强调了微生物组维持农业和生态系统恢复可持续性的固有功能。通过对土壤微生物宏基因组学的深入研究,我们为应对食品安全和环境保护的紧迫挑战铺平了道路。本文阐述了植物和微生物之间进行通信以增强植物恢复力和生态系统恢复以及利用宏基因组学来识别和促进有益的植物-微生物相互作用的机制。关键发现表明,土壤微生物在养分循环、温室气体调节和整体生态系统健康方面起着关键作用,为设计增强可持续农业的生态系统恢复策略提供了新的见解。由于这是许多人正在努力解决的问题,希望这些思考能为大家提供一些启示。
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