School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
Can J Microbiol. 2020 Jul;66(7):413-433. doi: 10.1139/cjm-2020-0085. Epub 2020 May 12.
The world's population is expected to grow to almost 10 billion by 2050, placing unprecedented demands on agriculture and natural resources. The risk in food security is also aggravated by climate change and land degradation, which compromise agricultural productivity. In recent years, our understanding of the role of microbial communities on ecosystem functioning, including plant-associated microbes, has advanced considerably. Yet, translating this knowledge into practical agricultural technologies is challenged by the intrinsic complexity of agroecosystems. Here, we review current strategies for plant microbiome manipulation, classifying them into three main pillars: () introducing and engineering microbiomes, () breeding and engineering the host plant, and () selecting agricultural practices that enhance resident soil and plant-associated microbial communities. In each of these areas, we analyze current trends in research, as well as research priorities and future perspectives.
预计到 2050 年，世界人口将增长到近 100 亿，这对农业和自然资源造成了前所未有的压力。气候变化和土地退化也加剧了粮食安全的风险，这些因素影响了农业生产力。近年来，我们对微生物群落在生态系统功能中的作用的理解，包括与植物相关的微生物，已经有了相当大的进展。然而，将这一知识转化为实用的农业技术，受到农业生态系统固有复杂性的挑战。在这里，我们回顾了目前用于植物微生物组操作的策略，将其分为三个主要支柱：()引入和工程微生物组，()培育和工程宿主植物，以及()选择增强常驻土壤和植物相关微生物群落的农业实践。在这些领域中的每一个领域，我们都分析了当前的研究趋势，以及研究重点和未来展望。
