Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, PR China.
State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.
Urol Oncol. 2024 Sep;42(9):275-287. doi: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2024.05.002. Epub 2024 May 28.
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common tumors affecting men all over the world. PCa has brought a huge health burden to men around the world, especially for elderly men, but its pathogenesis is unclear. In prostate cancer, epigenetic inheritance plays an important role in the development, progression, and metastasis of the disease. An important role in cancer invasion and metastasis is played by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), zinc-dependent proteases that break down extracellular matrix. We review two important forms of epigenetic modification and the role of matrix metalloproteinases in tumor regulation, both of which may be of significant value as novel biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis monitoring. The author considers that both mechanisms have promising therapeutic applications for therapeutic agent research in prostate cancer, but that efforts should be made to mitigate or eliminate the side effects of drug therapy in order to maximize quality of life of patients. The understanding of epigenetic modification, MMPs, and their inhibitors in the functional regulation of prostate cancer is gradually advancing, it will provide a new technical means for the prevention of prostate cancer, early diagnosis, androgen-independent prostate cancer treatment, and drug research.
前列腺癌（PCa）是全世界男性最常见的肿瘤之一。PCa 给全世界的男性带来了巨大的健康负担，尤其是老年男性，但它的发病机制尚不清楚。在前列腺癌中，表观遗传遗传在疾病的发生、发展和转移中起着重要作用。基质金属蛋白酶（MMPs）在癌症的侵袭和转移中起着重要作用，MMPs 是一种锌依赖性蛋白酶，可分解细胞外基质。我们回顾了两种重要的表观遗传修饰形式和基质金属蛋白酶在肿瘤调控中的作用，这两者都可能作为早期诊断和预后监测的新型生物标志物具有重要价值。作者认为，这两种机制都为前列腺癌的治疗药物研究提供了有前途的治疗应用，但应努力减轻或消除药物治疗的副作用，以最大限度地提高患者的生活质量。对表观遗传修饰、MMPs 及其抑制剂在前列腺癌功能调控中的认识正在逐步深入，这将为前列腺癌的预防、早期诊断、雄激素非依赖性前列腺癌治疗和药物研究提供新的技术手段。
