Acar Duygu Besnili, Avsar Hasan, Bulbul Ali
Department of Pediatrics, Gaziosmanpasa Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Health Sciences Türkiye, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye.
Sisli Etfal Hastan Tip Bul. 2024 Apr 5;58(1):97-101. doi: 10.14744/SEMB.2023.77674. eCollection 2024.
This study aims to determine the risk factors by examining the sociodemographic characteristics of infants hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) due to lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), to determine the factors that affect the duration of hospitalization, and to determine the underlying microbial factors and evaluate them in the light of the literature.
This study evaluated the data of newborns hospitalized with LTRI between 01 October 2022 and 31 March 2023. Demographic characteristics of the patients detected viral agents, duration of hospitalization and risk factors were recorded in the study form. Babies divided viral LRTI and non-viral LRTI, and then compared with each other. Additionally, the facts that might affect the duration of hospitalization were investigated.
The study included 57 babies. Viral agent was detected in 50.9% of the babies, the most frequently viral agent was respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (48.2%). Other viral factors, in order of frequency; Adenovirus, SARS-CoV-2, Influenza A and B. There is no demographic difference between the viral agent positive and negative groups. The patients were evaluated according to length of hospitalization, it was seen that the hospital stay was longer in babies who were found to be viral positive and needed oxygen therapy (p=0.02, p=0.03, respectively). The male gender ratio was higher in the group with longer hospital stays, but this difference was not statistically significant. Although the rate of exclusive breastfeeding was higher in the group with a short hospitalization period, this difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05).
RSV is currently the most frequently detected viral agent in lower respiratory tract infections in newborns. The hospital stay of babies diagnosed with RSV is longer than those with non-RSV viral agents. So struggling with RSV is important in preventing lower respiratory tract infections in newborns. It is necessary to develop a vaccine or immunoglobulin application against RSV infection not only for preterm babies but also for all newborn babies.
本研究旨在通过检查因下呼吸道感染（LRTI）入住新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）的婴儿的社会人口学特征来确定风险因素，确定影响住院时间的因素，并确定潜在的微生物因素并根据文献对其进行评估。
本研究评估了2022年10月1日至2023年3月31日期间因LTRI住院的新生儿的数据。在研究表格中记录患者的人口学特征、检测到的病毒病原体、住院时间和风险因素。将婴儿分为病毒性LRTI和非病毒性LRTI，然后相互比较。此外，还调查了可能影响住院时间的因素。
该研究纳入了57名婴儿。50.9%的婴儿检测到病毒病原体，最常见的病毒病原体是呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）（48.2%）。其他病毒因素按频率依次为：腺病毒、SARS-CoV-2、甲型和乙型流感病毒。病毒病原体阳性和阴性组之间在人口学上没有差异。根据住院时间对患者进行评估，发现病毒检测呈阳性且需要吸氧治疗的婴儿住院时间更长（分别为p=0.02，p=0.03）。住院时间较长的组中男性比例较高，但这种差异没有统计学意义。虽然住院时间短的组中纯母乳喂养率较高，但这种差异没有统计学意义（p>0.05）。
RSV是目前新生儿下呼吸道感染中最常检测到的病毒病原体。诊断为RSV的婴儿的住院时间比非RSV病毒病原体感染的婴儿更长。因此，应对RSV对于预防新生儿下呼吸道感染很重要。不仅有必要为早产儿，而且有必要为所有新生儿开发针对RSV感染的疫苗或免疫球蛋白应用。
