Center for Research and Innovation in Christian Mental Health Care (Kicg), Hoevelaken, the Netherlands; Department of Emergency Psychiatry, GGz Centraal, Amersfoort, the Netherlands.
Jongkind Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
J Affect Disord. 2024 Sep 1;360:354-363. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.05.139. Epub 2024 May 28.
Suicidality is a clinically important and multifaceted phenomenon, frequently present in depressed subjects. Religiosity and spirituality (R/S) can have an attenuating as well as a reinforcing effect on suicidality.
From two Dutch mental health care settings, a sample of 31 depressed and in- and outpatients with suicidal ideation, self-identifying as being religious or spiritual, was selected by convenience sampling. Using an experience sampling method (ESM) mobile application, during six days (mean of 42 assessments per subject), the association between symptoms of depression, suicidality, and specific positive-supportive affective R/S and positive psychology variables. For 28 participants symptom network plots on a group level, and on an individual level, were analyzed using dynamic time warping (DTW).
Participants were on average 35.7 years old, and 65 % were women. In the group-level undirected network, R/S variables were linked to positive psychology variables via a bridge function of inner peace. Changes in the experience of inner peace and enjoying a physical activity preceded changes of several other symptoms. A network dynamic appeared with a dense cluster of 'positive psychology' items.
Only a limited number of R/S variables were included.
The results of this study suggest that religiosity and spirituality function as meaningful factors in depression and suicidality in religiously or spiritually engaged persons. Experienced inner peace has a positive association with reasons to live. Experience sampling method data can be effectively analyzed using dynamic time warping. Exploring individual religious or spiritual engagement can prove important in treating suicidality and depression.
自杀意念是一种临床上重要且多方面的现象，常存在于抑郁患者中。宗教信仰和精神生活（R/S）对自杀意念既有减弱作用，也有增强作用。
通过便利抽样，从荷兰两个精神卫生保健机构中选择了 31 名有自杀意念的抑郁住院和门诊患者作为研究对象，他们自我认定为有宗教信仰或精神生活。使用经验采样方法（ESM）移动应用程序，在六天内（每位受试者平均有 42 次评估），评估抑郁症状、自杀意念以及特定的正向支持性 R/S 和正向心理学变量之间的关联。对于 28 名参与者，在组水平和个体水平上，使用动态时间 warping（DTW）分析症状网络图。
参与者的平均年龄为 35.7 岁，65%为女性。在无向网络的组水平上，R/S 变量通过内心平静的桥梁功能与正向心理学变量相关联。内心平静和享受身体活动的体验变化先于其他几个症状的变化。出现了一个网络动态，其中“正向心理学”项目密集集群。
仅纳入了有限数量的 R/S 变量。
本研究结果表明，在有宗教信仰或精神生活的人，宗教信仰和精神生活是抑郁和自杀意念的重要因素。体验到内心平静与生存的理由呈正相关。动态时间 warping 可以有效地分析经验采样方法数据。探索个体的宗教信仰或精神生活参与可能对治疗自杀意念和抑郁至关重要。
