Fostel J, Allen P F, Bermudez E, Kligerman A D, Wilmer J L, Skopek T R
Mutat Res. 1985 Jan-Feb;155(1-2):75-81. doi: 10.1016/0165-1218(85)90028-x.
The activity of methyl chloride was measured in 4 genotoxicity assays. In an established human lymphoblast line, a 3-h treatment with 0-5% methyl chloride resulted in a dose-related increase in mutant fraction at the thymidine kinase locus and induction of sister-chromatid exchange. No increase in DNA damage, as measured by alkaline elution, was detected in the lymphoblasts at concentrations of methyl chloride shown to be mutagenic. Also, a concentration-related increase in 8-azaguanine-resistant fraction in Salmonella typhimurium was observed following a 3-h treatment with atmospheres containing 0-20% methyl chloride. Thus, methyl chloride is a weak, direct-acting mutagen for bacteria and human cells in culture.
在4种遗传毒性试验中测定了氯甲烷的活性。在一个已建立的人类淋巴母细胞系中，用0-5%的氯甲烷处理3小时，导致胸苷激酶位点的突变率呈剂量相关增加，并诱导了姐妹染色单体交换。在用显示有诱变性的氯甲烷浓度处理淋巴母细胞时，通过碱性洗脱法测定未检测到DNA损伤增加。此外，在用含0-20%氯甲烷的气氛处理3小时后，在鼠伤寒沙门氏菌中观察到8-氮杂鸟嘌呤抗性分数呈浓度相关增加。因此，氯甲烷是一种对培养中的细菌和人类细胞有微弱直接作用的诱变剂。
