Zierler S
Obstet Gynecol. 1985 Feb;65(2):155-65.
Congenital heart disease comprises one-third of all major birth defects. Prevalence estimates depend on the definition of the disease and the postnatal period when the disease is diagnosed. The studies with the longest follow-up estimate that 0.9% of infants are afflicted. The cause of these cardiac defects is largely unknown. The effect of embryonic exposure to maternal drugs during cardiogenesis has been widely studied, and the evidence suggests that maternal use of ethanol, anticonvulsants, lithium, and exogeneous female hormones may increase the risk of congenital heart disease. An antiemetic agent containing doxylamine has been implicated in the courts. This review offers an analysis of the epidemiologic evidence of the occurrence of congenital heart disease in relation to maternal drug use during pregnancy. The evidence indicates that the vast majority of heart malformations cannot be attributed to these pharmacologic agents.
先天性心脏病占所有主要出生缺陷的三分之一。患病率估计取决于疾病的定义以及疾病被诊断时的产后时期。随访时间最长的研究估计，0.9%的婴儿患有此病。这些心脏缺陷的病因很大程度上尚不清楚。胚胎在心脏形成过程中接触母体药物的影响已得到广泛研究，证据表明母体使用乙醇、抗惊厥药、锂和外源性女性激素可能会增加先天性心脏病的风险。一种含有多西拉敏的止吐药在法庭上受到牵连。本综述分析了与孕期母体药物使用相关的先天性心脏病发生的流行病学证据。证据表明，绝大多数心脏畸形不能归因于这些药物。
