Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Walailak University, Thasala, Nakhonsithammarat, Thailand.
Glaucoma Service, Jakarta Eye Center, Jakarta, Indonesia.
PeerJ. 2024 May 27;12:e17454. doi: 10.7717/peerj.17454. eCollection 2024.
Activation of the trigeminal vascular system in migraine releases vasoactive neurotransmitters, causing abnormal vasoconstriction, which may affect the ocular system, leading to retinal damage. The purpose of our study was to determine whether there are differences in each retinal layer between migraine patients and healthy subjects.
A case-control study recruited 38 migraine patients and 38 age- and sex-matched controls. Optical coherence tomography was used to measure the thickness of the peripapillary and macular retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL and mRNFL), ganglion cell layer (GCL), inner plexiform layer (IPL), and inner nuclear layer (INL).
The mean ages of the migraine patients and controls were 36.29 ± 9.45 and 36.45 ± 9.27 years, respectively. Thirty-four patients (89.48%) in both groups were female. The mean disability score was 19.63 ± 20.44 (indicating severe disability). The superior-outer INL of migraine patients were thicker than controls. Thickness of the GCL at temporal-outer sector and mRNFL at the superior-outer sector of the headache-side eyes was reduced. However, the INL of the headache-side-eye showed negative correlation with the disability score. This is the first study having found thinning of the GCL and mRNFL of the headache-side eyes. The INL was also thickened in migraines but showed negative correlation with the disability score.
Increased INL thickness in migraine patients may result from inflammation. The more severe cases with a high disability score might suffered progressive retinal neuronal loss, resulting in thinner INL than less severe cases.
偏头痛患者三叉血管系统的激活会释放血管活性神经递质，导致异常的血管收缩，这可能会影响眼部系统，导致视网膜损伤。我们的研究目的是确定偏头痛患者和健康受试者之间各视网膜层之间是否存在差异。
采用病例对照研究，招募了 38 名偏头痛患者和 38 名年龄和性别匹配的对照者。使用光学相干断层扫描测量视盘周围和黄斑视网膜神经纤维层（pRNFL 和 mRNFL）、神经节细胞层（GCL）、内丛状层（IPL）和内核层（INL）的厚度。
偏头痛患者和对照组的平均年龄分别为 36.29 ± 9.45 岁和 36.45 ± 9.27 岁。两组均有 34 名患者（89.48%）为女性。平均残疾评分为 19.63 ± 20.44（表示严重残疾）。偏头痛患者的上-外 INL 比对照组厚。头痛侧眼颞-外区 GCL 厚度和 mRNFL 厚度减少。然而，头痛侧眼的 INL 与残疾评分呈负相关。这是第一项发现偏头痛患者的 GCL 和头痛侧眼 mRNFL 变薄的研究。偏头痛患者的 INL 也增厚，但与残疾评分呈负相关。
偏头痛患者 INL 增厚可能是炎症的结果。残疾评分较高的严重病例可能会出现进行性视网膜神经元丢失，导致 INL 比轻度病例更薄。
