School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, PR China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
Water Res. 2024 Aug 1;259:121842. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121842. Epub 2024 May 27.
Percarbonate encompasses sodium percarbonate (SPC) and composite in-situ generated peroxymonocarbonate (PMC). SPC emerges as a promising alternative to hydrogen peroxide (HO), hailed for its superior transportation safety, stability, cost-effectiveness, and eco-friendliness, thereby becoming a staple in advanced oxidation processes for mitigating water pollution. Yet, scholarly literature scarcely explores the deployment of percarbonate-AOPs in eradicating organic contaminants from aquatic systems. Consequently, this review endeavors to demystify the formation mechanisms and challenges associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) in percarbonate-AOPs, alongside highlighting directions for future inquiry and development. The genesis of ROS encompasses the in situ chemical oxidation of activated SPC (including iron-based activation, discharge plasma, ozone activation, photon activation, and metal-free materials activation) and composite in situ chemical oxidation via PMC (namely, HONaHCO/NaCO, peroxymonosulfate/NaHCO/NaCO systems). Moreover, the ROS generated by percarbonate-AOPs, such as •OH, O, CO, HO, O, and HCO, can work individually or synergistically to disintegrate target pollutants. Concurrently, this review systematically addresses conceivable obstacles posing percarbonate-AOPs in real-world application from the angle of environmental conditions (pH, temperature, coexisting substances), and potential ecological toxicity. Considering the outlined challenges and advantages, we posit future research directions to amplify the applicability and efficacy of percarbonate-AOPs in tangible settings. It is anticipated that the insights provided in this review will catalyze the progression of percarbonate-AOPs in water purification endeavors and bridge the existing knowledge void.
过碳酸盐包括过碳酸钠（SPC）和复合原位生成的过单碳酸盐（PMC）。SPC 作为过氧化氢（HO）的替代品，具有卓越的运输安全性、稳定性、成本效益和环保性，因此成为高级氧化工艺（AOPs）中减轻水污染的主要手段。然而，学术文献很少探讨过碳酸盐-AOPs 在消除水系统中有机污染物方面的应用。因此，本综述旨在阐明过碳酸盐-AOPs 中活性氧（ROS）的形成机制和挑战，并强调未来研究和发展的方向。ROS 的产生包括激活的 SPC 的原位化学氧化（包括铁基激活、放电等离子体、臭氧激活、光子激活和无金属材料激活）和通过 PMC 的复合原位化学氧化（即 HONaHCO/NaCO、过单硫酸盐/NaHCO/NaCO 系统）。此外，过碳酸盐-AOPs 产生的 ROS，如•OH、O、CO、HO、O 和 HCO，可以单独或协同作用来分解目标污染物。同时，本综述从环境条件（pH 值、温度、共存物质）和潜在生态毒性的角度，系统地探讨了过碳酸盐-AOPs 在实际应用中可能遇到的障碍。考虑到所概述的挑战和优势，我们提出了未来的研究方向，以扩大过碳酸盐-AOPs 在实际环境中的适用性和功效。预计本综述提供的见解将促进过碳酸盐-AOPs 在水净化方面的发展，并填补现有知识空白。
