Sels Laura, Homan Stephanie A, Reis Harry T, Horn Andrea B, Revol Jordan, Scholz Urte, Kowatsch Tobias, Kleim Birgit
Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.
Suicide Life Threat Behav. 2024 Dec;54(6):925-933. doi: 10.1111/sltb.13095. Epub 2024 Jun 1.
Perceived responsiveness, or the extent to which one feels understood, validated and cared for by close others, plays a crucial role in people's well-being. Can this interpersonal process also protect people at risk? We assessed whether fluctuations in suicidal ideation were associated with fluctuations in the degree of perceived responsiveness that psychiatric patients (admitted in the context of suicide or indicating suicidal ideation) experienced in daily interactions immediately after discharge.
Fifty-seven patients reported on suicidal ideation (5 times a day) and perceived responsiveness (daily) for four consecutive weeks. The effects of established risk factors-thwarted belongingness, perceived burdensomeness, and hopelessness-were assessed as well.
The more patients felt that close others had been responsive to them, the less suicidal ideation they reported. At low levels of thwarted belongingness, perceived burdensomeness, or hopelessness, perceived responsiveness seemed to play a protective role, negatively co-occurring with suicidal ideation. When thwarted belongingness, perceived burdensomeness, and hopelessness were high, perceived responsiveness did not have an effect.
Perceived responsiveness could be a protective factor for suicidal ideation for people at risk only when they are experiencing low levels of negative perceptions. When experiencing highly negative perceptions, however, perceived responsiveness seems to matter less.
感知到的回应性，即一个人感到被亲密他人理解、认可和关心的程度，在人们的幸福感中起着至关重要的作用。这种人际过程能否也保护处于风险中的人呢？我们评估了自杀意念的波动是否与精神科患者（因自杀入院或有自杀意念）出院后在日常互动中所经历的感知回应程度的波动相关。
57名患者连续四周每天报告5次自杀意念以及每天报告感知回应性。同时也评估了既定风险因素——归属感受挫、感知到成为负担和绝望——的影响。
患者越觉得亲密他人对他们有回应，他们报告的自杀意念就越少。在归属感受挫、感知到成为负担或绝望程度较低时，感知回应性似乎起到了保护作用，与自杀意念呈负相关。当归属感受挫、感知到成为负担和绝望程度较高时，感知回应性则没有效果。
只有当处于风险中的人经历低水平的负面认知时，感知回应性才可能成为自杀意念的保护因素。然而，当经历高度负面认知时，感知回应性似乎就没那么重要了。
