Munroe W P, Rindone J P, Kershner R M
Drug Intell Clin Pharm. 1985 Feb;19(2):85-9. doi: 10.1177/106002808501900201.
Since the introduction of ophthalmic timolol solution in 1978 there have been numerous reports of systemic toxicity associated with its use. The majority of the systemic side effects reported are the same as those associated with oral timolol. Several cases of respiratory distress have been described generally in patients with underlying restrictive airway disease. Cardiovascular effects range from effects on resting pulse rate to the development of overt bradycardia and heart failure. Central nervous system effects reported include fatigue, confusion, depression, and hallucinations. A variety of other systemic effects have also been described. Caution should be used when ophthalmic timolol is administered to elderly patients or those patients with contraindications to systemic beta-blockers.
自1978年引入眼科用噻吗洛尔溶液以来，已有大量关于其使用相关全身毒性的报告。报告的大多数全身副作用与口服噻吗洛尔相关的副作用相同。一般在患有潜在限制性气道疾病的患者中描述了几例呼吸窘迫病例。心血管效应范围从对静息脉搏率的影响到明显心动过缓和心力衰竭的发生。报告的中枢神经系统效应包括疲劳、意识模糊、抑郁和幻觉。还描述了多种其他全身效应。当给老年患者或有全身β受体阻滞剂禁忌证的患者使用眼科用噻吗洛尔时应谨慎。
