Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.
School of Sport Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.
J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact. 2024 Jun 1;24(2):200-208.
Bilateral Deficit (BLD) occurs when the force generated by both limbs together is smaller than the sum of the forces developed separately by the two limbs. BLD may be modulated by physical training. Here, were investigated the effects of unilateral or bilateral plyometric training on BLD and neuromuscular activation during lower limb explosive extensions.
Fourteen young males were randomized into the unilateral (UL_) or bilateral (BL_) training group. Plyometric training (20 sessions, 2 days/week) was performed on a sled ergometer, and consisted of UL or BL consecutive, plyometric lower limb extensions (3-to-5 sets; 8-to-10 repetitions). Before and after training, maximal explosive efforts with both lower limbs or with each limb separately were assessed. Electromyography of representative lower limb muscles was measured.
BL_training significantly and largely decreased BLD (p=0.003, effect size=1.63). This was accompanied by the reversion from deficit to facilitation of the electromyography amplitude of knee extensors during bilateral efforts (p=0.007). Conversely, UL_training had negligible effects on BLD (p=0.781). Also, both groups showed similar improvements in their maximal explosive power generated after training.
Bilateral plyometric training can mitigate BLD, and should be considered for training protocols focused on improving bilateral lower limb motor performance.
当四肢同时产生的力小于四肢分别产生的力之和时，就会出现双侧不足（BLD）。身体训练可以调节 BLD。在这里，我们研究了单侧或双侧增强式训练对下肢爆发力伸展时 BLD 和神经肌肉激活的影响。
14 名年轻男性被随机分为单侧（UL_）或双侧（BL_）训练组。增强式训练（20 次，每周 2 天）在雪橇测力计上进行，包括连续单侧或双侧增强式下肢伸展（3-5 组；8-10 次重复）。在训练前后，评估双侧和单侧下肢的最大爆发力。测量代表性下肢肌肉的肌电图。
BL_训练显著且大大降低了 BLD（p=0.003，效应大小=1.63）。这伴随着双侧运动时股四头肌肌电图振幅从不足到促进的转变（p=0.007）。相反，UL_训练对 BLD 的影响可以忽略不计（p=0.781）。此外，两组在训练后都表现出类似的最大爆发力提高。
双侧增强式训练可以减轻 BLD，对于专注于提高下肢运动表现的训练方案，应考虑使用。
