Department of Urology, Corewell Health William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan, USA.
Department of Urology, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, Michigan, USA.
Neurourol Urodyn. 2024 Sep;43(7):1514-1522. doi: 10.1002/nau.25509. Epub 2024 Jun 3.
SARS-CoV-2 infection can result in genitourinary symptoms, such as frequency, urgency, nocturia, and pain/pressure. In this study, we followed the progression of overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms in patients that reported new or worsening OAB symptoms after coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) diagnosis.
Individuals from a COVID-19 serology study were invited to participate in a follow-up study. Respondents were divided into three groups based on prior COVID-19 testing. Patients scored symptoms retrospectively before the pandemic, at study onset, and prospectively during 12-month follow-up. Genitourinary symptoms were assessed using international consultation on incontinence questionaire for OAB (ICIQ-OAB). Change in ICIQ-OAB scores from baseline were calculated. The minimal important difference of one on ICIQ-OAB is considered a significant change.
26.0% of participants previously had positive COVID polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test (PCR+), 5.6% a positive serology test only (Ser+), and 65.5% were COVID naïve (COVID-). 23.8% of participants reported a significant increase in ICIQ-OAB score at study onset compared to prepandemic. ICIQ-OAB scores were similar at prepandemic but significantly higher at study start (p < 0.001) in PCR+ group. During follow-up, change in ICIQ-OAB scores from baseline remained unchanged for COVID- group, but gradually reduced for PCR+, reaching similar levels as COVID- group by 12 months. By 12 months, 71.4% of PCR+, 42.9% of Ser+, and 68.8% of COVID- participants still reported significant increase in ICIQ-OAB scores.
Most COVID-19 patients experienced return of symptoms to baseline, indicative of the potential resolution of COVID-associated cystitis. A subset of cases did not, raising questions about the underlying factors contributing to this outcome. Additional research is needed to assess long COVID on urological health.
SARS-CoV-2 感染可导致泌尿系统症状，如尿频、尿急、夜尿和疼痛/压迫感。在这项研究中，我们观察了在冠状病毒病-19（COVID-19）诊断后报告新出现或加重膀胱过度活动症（OAB）症状的患者中 OAB 症状的进展情况。
来自 COVID-19 血清学研究的个体被邀请参加一项随访研究。根据先前的 COVID-19 检测，将受访者分为三组。患者在大流行前、研究开始时和 12 个月随访期间前瞻性地回顾性评分症状。使用国际尿失禁咨询问卷-OAB（ICIQ-OAB）评估泌尿系统症状。从基线计算 ICIQ-OAB 评分的变化。ICIQ-OAB 上的一个最小重要差异被认为是显著变化。
26.0%的参与者以前的 COVID 聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测阳性（PCR+），5.6%的参与者仅血清学检测阳性（Ser+），65.5%的参与者为 COVID 阴性（COVID-）。23.8%的参与者在研究开始时报告 ICIQ-OAB 评分较大流行前显著增加。PCR+组在大流行前 ICIQ-OAB 评分相似，但在研究开始时显著升高（p<0.001）。在随访期间，COVID-组的 ICIQ-OAB 评分从基线的变化保持不变，但 PCR+组逐渐降低，到 12 个月时与 COVID-组相似。到 12 个月时，71.4%的 PCR+、42.9%的 Ser+和 68.8%的 COVID-参与者仍报告 ICIQ-OAB 评分显著增加。
大多数 COVID-19 患者的症状恢复到基线，表明 COVID 相关性膀胱炎可能得到缓解。一部分患者没有，这引发了对导致这种结果的潜在因素的疑问。需要进一步研究来评估 COVID 对泌尿系统健康的长期影响。
