Associate Professor, Head of Restorative Division, Division of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, International Medical University Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Biology, Post Graduate Medical Institute, Lahore, Pakistan; Associate Professor, Postgraduate Medical Institute, Lahore, Pakistan.
J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2024 Sep;82(9):1147-1162. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2024.05.004. Epub 2024 May 16.
Treated or coated sutures promise to prevent contamination of wounds.
The purpose of the study was to coat surgical sutures with a new quaternary ammonium silane (QAS) antimicrobial compound at two different application temperatures and then to evaluate the resulting structural, physical, mechanical, and biological properties.
STUDY DESIGN, SETTING, SAMPLE: In vitro and in vivo studies were conducted using male albino Wistar rats approved by the Joint Ethical Committee of IMU and Postgraduate Medical Institute, Lahore. Only suture samples, coated uniformly with verified presence of the compound and of adequate length were used. Samples which were not coated uniformly and with inadequate length or damaged were excluded.
Predictor variables were sutures with and without QAS coatings and different temperatures. Sutures were coated with QAS at 0.5 and 1.0% wt/vol using the dip coating technique and sutures with and without QAS coating were tested at 25 and 40 °C temperatures.
MAIN OUTCOME VARIABLE(S): Outcome variables of structural and physico-mechanical properties of QAS-coated and non-coated sutures were measured using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (for structural changes), confocal laser and scanning electron (for diameter changes), and tensile strength/modulus (for mechanical testing). Biologic outcome variables were tested (bacterial viability); macrophage cultures from Wistar rats were tested (M1/M2 polarization detecting IL-6 and IL-10). Macrophage cells were analyzed with CD80+ (M1) and CD163+ (M2). Chemotaxis index was calculated as a ratio of quantitative fluorescence of cells.
Not applicable.
Ordinal data among groups were compared using the Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney U test along with the comparison of histological analysis using the Wilcoxon Sign-rank test (P < .05).
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy peak at 1490 cm confirmed the presence of QAS on suture's surfaces with a significant increase (P < .05) in diameter (0.99 ± 0.5-mm) and weight (0.77 ± 0.02-mg) observed for 1% QAS groups treated at 40 °C. Non-coated samples heated at 25 °C had significantly (P < .05) less diameters (0.22 ± 0.03-mm) and weights (0.26 ± 0.06-mg). Highest tensile strength/modulus was observed for 0.5% QAS-coated samples which also had significantly higher antibacterial characteristics than other sutures (P < .05). QAS-coated sutures significantly increased M1 and M2 markers.
QAS coating conferred antibacterial action properties without compromising the physical and mechanical properties of the suture.
经过处理或涂层的缝线有望防止伤口污染。
本研究的目的是在两种不同的应用温度下用新型季铵硅烷（QAS）抗菌化合物涂覆外科缝线，并评估由此产生的结构、物理、机械和生物学特性。
研究设计、地点和样本：在体外和体内研究中使用经过 IMU 和拉合尔研究生医学研究所联合伦理委员会批准的雄性白化 Wistar 大鼠进行。仅使用均匀涂覆有已验证存在的化合物且长度足够的缝线样本。排除未均匀涂覆、长度不足或损坏的样本。
预测变量是有无 QAS 涂层和不同温度的缝线。缝线用 QAS 在 0.5 和 1.0%wt/vol 下通过浸涂技术进行涂层，并用 QAS 涂层和无涂层缝线在 25 和 40°C 温度下进行测试。
使用傅里叶变换红外光谱（用于结构变化）、共聚焦激光和扫描电子显微镜（用于直径变化）以及拉伸强度/模量（用于机械测试）测量 QAS 涂层和未涂层缝线的结构和物理力学性能的结果变量。测试生物学结果变量（细菌活力）；来自 Wistar 大鼠的巨噬细胞培养物用于检测 M1/M2 极化检测的 IL-6 和 IL-10。用 CD80+（M1）和 CD163+（M2）分析巨噬细胞。趋化指数计算为细胞定量荧光的比值。
不适用。
使用 Wilcoxon 曼-惠特尼 U 检验比较组间的有序数据，并使用 Wilcoxon 符号秩检验进行组织学分析比较（P<.05）。
1490 cm 处的傅里叶变换红外光谱峰证实 QAS 存在于缝线表面，在 40°C 下处理的 1% QAS 组观察到直径（0.99±0.5-mm）和重量（0.77±0.02-mg）显著增加（P<.05）。在 25°C 下加热的未涂层样品的直径（0.22±0.03-mm）和重量（0.26±0.06-mg）显著降低（P<.05）。观察到 0.5% QAS 涂层缝线具有最高的拉伸强度/模量，并且其抗菌特性也明显优于其他缝线（P<.05）。QAS 涂层缝线显著增加了 M1 和 M2 标志物。
QAS 涂层赋予缝线抗菌作用特性，同时不影响缝线的物理和机械性能。
