Department of Frontier Science for Advanced Environment, Tohoku University, Aoba 6-6-06, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan.
Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, Bunkyōchō 2-5, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan.
J Appl Microbiol. 2024 Jun 3;135(6). doi: 10.1093/jambio/lxae129.
Antimicrobial-resistance genes (ARGs) are spread among bacteria by horizontal gene transfer, however, the effect of environmental factors on the dynamics of the ARG in water environments has not been very well understood. In this systematic review, we employed the regression tree algorithm to identify the environmental factors that facilitate/inhibit the transfer of ARGs via conjugation in planktonic/biofilm-formed bacterial cells based on the results of past relevant research. Escherichia coli strains were the most studied genus for conjugation experiments as donor/recipient in the intra-genera category. Conversely, Pseudomonas spp., Acinetobacter spp., and Salmonella spp. were studied primarily as recipients across inter-genera bacteria. The conjugation efficiency (ce) was found to be highly dependent on the incubation period. Some antibiotics, such as nitrofurantoin (at ≥0.2 µg ml-1) and kanamycin (at ≥9.5 mg l-1) as well as metallic compounds like mercury (II) chloride (HgCl2, ≥3 µmol l-1), and vanadium (III) chloride (VCl3, ≥50 µmol l-1) had enhancing effect on conjugation. The highest ce value (-0.90 log10) was achieved at 15°C-19°C, with linoleic acid concentrations <8 mg l-1, a recognized conjugation inhibitor. Identifying critical environmental factors affecting ARG dissemination in aquatic environments will accelerate strategies to control their proliferation and combat antibiotic resistance.
抗微生物耐药基因 (ARGs) 通过水平基因转移在细菌之间传播，然而，环境因素对抗生素耐药基因在水环境中动态的影响尚未得到很好的理解。在这项系统评价中，我们根据过去相关研究的结果，运用回归树算法，确定了促进/抑制浮游生物/生物膜形成细菌细胞中通过共轭转移抗生素耐药基因的环境因素。在同种内类别中，大肠杆菌菌株是共轭实验中作为供体/受体最常研究的属。相反，假单胞菌属、不动杆菌属和沙门氏菌属主要作为跨属细菌的受体进行研究。共轭效率 (ce) 被发现高度依赖于孵育期。一些抗生素，如呋喃妥因（≥0.2μg ml-1）和卡那霉素（≥9.5mg l-1）以及金属化合物如氯化汞（HgCl2，≥3μmol l-1）和三氯化钒（VCl3，≥50μmol l-1）对共轭具有促进作用。在 15°C-19°C 时，ce 值最高（-0.90log10），亚油酸浓度<8mg l-1，这是一种公认的共轭抑制剂。确定影响水生环境中抗生素耐药基因传播的关键环境因素将加速控制其增殖和对抗抗生素耐药性的策略。
