Au-Yeung Chun, Tsui Yat-Lai, Choi Man-Hay, Chan Ka-Wai, Wong Sze-Nga, Ling Yuk-Ki, Lam Cheuk-Ming, Lam Kit-Ling, Mo Wing-Yin
Department of Applied Science, School of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Ho Man Tin, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
Microorganisms. 2025 Apr 18;13(4):937. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms13040937.
Ornamental fish represent a significant aquaculture sector with notable economic value, yet their contribution to antibiotic residues and resistance remains underrecognized. This review synthesizes evidence on widespread and often unregulated antibiotic use-including tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones-in ornamental fish production, transportation, and retail, primarily targeting bacterial diseases such as aeromonosis and vibriosis. Pathogenic microorganisms including , , and spp. cause diseases like hemorrhagic septicemia, fin rot, skin ulcers, and exophthalmia, impairing fish health and marketability. Prophylactic and therapeutic antibiotic applications elevate antibiotic residues in fish tissues and carriage water, thereby selecting for antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). These resistant elements pose significant risks to fish health, human exposure via direct contact and bioaerosols, and environmental health through contamination pathways. We emphasize the urgent need for a holistic One Health approach, involving enhanced surveillance, stringent regulatory oversight, and adoption of alternative antimicrobial strategies, such as probiotics and advanced water treatments. Coordinated global actions are crucial to effectively mitigate antibiotic resistance within the ornamental fish industry, ensuring sustainable production, safeguarding public health, and protecting environmental integrity.
观赏鱼是一个具有显著经济价值的重要水产养殖领域，但其对抗生素残留和耐药性的影响仍未得到充分认识。本综述综合了有关观赏鱼生产、运输和零售中广泛且通常不受监管的抗生素使用情况的证据，这些抗生素包括四环素和氟喹诺酮类，主要针对诸如气单胞菌病和弧菌病等细菌性疾病。包括[具体菌种1]、[具体菌种2]和[具体菌种3]在内的致病微生物会引发出血性败血症、鳍腐病、皮肤溃疡和眼球突出等疾病，损害鱼类健康和市场价值。预防性和治疗性抗生素的应用会提高鱼类组织和养殖水中的抗生素残留，从而筛选出抗生素抗性细菌（ARB）和抗生素抗性基因（ARG）。这些抗性因素对鱼类健康、通过直接接触和生物气溶胶对人类暴露以及通过污染途径对环境健康构成重大风险。我们强调迫切需要采取整体的“同一健康”方法，包括加强监测、严格的监管监督以及采用替代抗菌策略，如益生菌和先进的水处理方法。全球协调行动对于有效减轻观赏鱼行业内的抗生素耐药性至关重要，以确保可持续生产、保障公众健康并保护环境完整性。
