Pharmacy Faculty, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China.
School of Geographic Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, China.
Sci Rep. 2024 Jun 3;14(1):12722. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-63564-0.
Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit is a traditional Chinese medicine with important pharmacological effects. However, its cultivation is challenged by soil degradation following excessive use of chemical fertilizer. We conducted an experiment exploring the effects of replacing chemical fertilizers with organic fertilizers (OF) on the growth and yield of P. ternata, as well as on the soil physicochemical properties and microbial community composition using containerized plants. Six fertilization treatments were evaluated, including control (CK), chemical fertilizer (CF), different proportions of replacing chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer (OM). Containerized P. ternata plants in each OF treatment had greater growth and yield than the CK and CF treatments while maintaining alkaloid content. The OM treatment had the greatest yield among all treatments, with an increase of 42.35% and 44.93% compared to the CK and CF treatments, respectively. OF treatments improved soil quality and fertility by enhancing the activities of soil urease (S-UE) and sucrase (S-SC) enzymes while increasing soil organic matter and trace mineral elements. OF treatments increased bacterial abundance and changed soil community structure. In comparison to the CK microbial groups enriched in OM were OLB13, Vicinamibacteraceae, and Blrii41. There were also changes in the abundance of gene transcripts among treatments. The abundance of genes involved in the nitrogen cycle in the OM has increased, specifically promoting the transformation of N-NO into N-NH, a type of nitrogen more easily absorbed by P. ternata. Also, genes involved in "starch and sucrose metabolism" and "plant hormone signal transduction" pathways were positively correlated to P. ternata yield and were upregulated in the OM treatment. Overall, OF in P. ternata cultivation is a feasible practice in advancing sustainable agriculture and is potentially profitable in commercial production.
半夏（Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit）是一种具有重要药理作用的传统中药。然而，由于过度使用化肥，其种植面临着土壤退化的挑战。我们进行了一项实验，探讨了用有机肥（OF）替代化肥对半夏生长和产量的影响，以及对容器化植物土壤理化性质和微生物群落组成的影响。评估了 6 种施肥处理，包括对照（CK）、化肥（CF）、不同比例用有机肥替代化肥（OM）。与 CK 和 CF 处理相比，每个 OF 处理的容器化半夏植物生长和产量更大，同时保持生物碱含量。与 CK 和 CF 处理相比，OM 处理的产量最高，分别增加了 42.35%和 44.93%。OF 处理通过提高土壤脲酶（S-UE）和蔗糖酶（S-SC）酶的活性，同时增加土壤有机质和痕量矿物质元素，改善了土壤质量和肥力。OF 处理增加了细菌丰度并改变了土壤群落结构。与 CK 相比，OM 富集的微生物群落在 OM 中为 OLB13、Vicinamibacteraceae 和 Blrii41。处理间的基因转录丰度也发生了变化。OM 中氮循环相关基因的丰度增加，特别是促进了 N-NO 向更易被半夏吸收的 N-NH 的转化。此外，与“淀粉和蔗糖代谢”和“植物激素信号转导”途径相关的基因与半夏产量呈正相关，在 OM 处理中上调。总的来说，在半夏种植中使用 OF 是推进可持续农业的可行实践，在商业生产中具有潜在的盈利性。
