[追肥中铵态氮/硝态氮比例对半夏氮代谢及主要化学成分的影响]

[Effect of NH4(+) -N/NO3(-)-N ratio in applied supplementary fertilizer on nitrogen metabolism and main chemical composition of Pinellia ternata].

作者信息

Hu Long-Jiao, Wang Kang-Cai, Li Can-Wen

机构信息

Institute of Chinese Medicinal Material, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.

出版信息

Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2013 Jul;38(13):2073-7.

PMID:24079228

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To study the effect of nitrogen forms on nitrogen metabolism and main chemical composition of Pinellia ternate.

METHOD

Through the soilless cultivation experiment and based at the same nitrogen level and different NH4(+) -N/NO3(-) -N ratios, nitrate reductase (NR) activity, glutamine synthetase (GS) activity, the content of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen in different parts of P. ternate were determined. The contents of total alkaloid, free total organic acids and guanosine in the tuber were determined. The yield of bulbil and tuber was calculated.

RESULT

The test results showed that, with the NH4(+) -N/NO3(-) -N ratio increasing, the activity of nitrate reductase decreased, the content of nitrate nitrogen in the leaves, petioles and tuber increasing initially, then decreased, and the content of nitrate nitrogen in the root decreased. Meanwhile, with the NH4(+) -N/NO3(-) -N ratio increasing, the activity of glutamine synthetase in the leaves, petioles and root increased, the activity of glutamine synthetase in the tuber increasing initially, then decreased. The contents of ammonium nitrogen in the leaves, tuber and root increased initially, then decreased, and the contents of ammonium nitrogen in the petioles increased with the NH4(+)(-N/NO3(-)-N ratio increasing. The yield of bulbil and tuber were the highest at the NH4(+)-N/NO3(-) -N ratio of 75: 25. The content of total alkaloid and guanosine in the tuber were the highest at the NH4(+)-N/NO3(-) -N ratio of 0: 100, and the contents were 0.245% and 0.0197% respectively. With the NH4(+)-N/NO3(-) -N ratio of 50: 50, the content of free total organic acids was the highest, it reached 0.7%, however, the content of free total organic acids was the lowest at the NH4(+) -N/NO3(-) -N ratio of 0: 100.

CONCLUSION

Nitrogen fertilization significant influences the nitrogen metabolism, the yield and main chemical composition of P. ternate.

摘要

目的

研究氮素形态对半夏氮代谢及主要化学成分的影响。

方法

通过无土栽培试验，在相同氮水平和不同铵态氮/硝态氮比例条件下，测定半夏不同部位的硝酸还原酶（NR）活性、谷氨酰胺合成酶（GS）活性、硝态氮和铵态氮含量。测定块茎中总生物碱、游离总有机酸和鸟苷的含量。计算珠芽和块茎的产量。

结果

试验结果表明，随着铵态氮/硝态氮比例的增加，硝酸还原酶活性降低，叶片、叶柄和块茎中硝态氮含量先增加后降低，根中硝态氮含量降低。同时，随着铵态氮/硝态氮比例的增加，叶片、叶柄和根中谷氨酰胺合成酶活性增加，块茎中谷氨酰胺合成酶活性先增加后降低。叶片、块茎和根中铵态氮含量先增加后降低，叶柄中铵态氮含量随铵态氮/硝态氮比例的增加而增加。铵态氮/硝态氮比例为75∶25时，珠芽和块茎产量最高。块茎中总生物碱和鸟苷含量在铵态氮/硝态氮比例为0∶100时最高，分别为0.245%和0.0197%。铵态氮/硝态氮比例为50∶50时，游离总有机酸含量最高，达0.7%，而在铵态氮/硝态氮比例为0∶100时，游离总有机酸含量最低。