Long-term outcome of bicuspid aortic valve repair using figure-of-8 hitch-up stitches.

OBJECTIVE

To maximize successful repair of bicuspid aortic valves by adding figure-of-8 hitch-up stitches at commissures.

METHODS

From 2000 to 2022, bicuspid aortic valve repair was performed on 1112 patients at Cleveland Clinic, with 367 patients receiving figure-of-8 hitch-up stitches along with classical techniques, including Cabrol suture, cusp plication, raphe resection, and valve-sparing root replacement. Operative outcomes, repair durability, and survival were assessed in the figure-of-8 hitch-up stitches cohort, and outcomes were compared among 195 balancing-score-matched patient pairs who underwent bicuspid aortic valve repair with and without figure-of-8 hitch-up stitches.

RESULTS

Patients who underwent bicuspid aortic valve repair with figure-of-8 stitches had an operative mortality of 0.3% (1 of 367) and in-hospital reoperation for aortic valve dysfunction of 1.1% (4 of 367). At 10 years, prevalence of severe aortic regurgitation was 8.6%, mean gradient 24 mm Hg, freedom from aortic valve reoperation 75%, and survival 98%. In matched cohorts, operative mortality was similar (0.51% vs 0%;  > .9) as were morbidities, including in-hospital reoperation due to aortic valve dysfunction (1.0% vs 1.5%;  > .9). Comparable long-term outcomes were observed at 10 years (prevalence of severe aortic regurgitation of 8.7% vs 5.0% [ = .11], mean gradient 18 vs 17 mm Hg [ = .40]; freedom from aortic valve reoperation 80% vs 81% [ = .73]; and survival 99.5% vs 94.6% [ = .18]).

CONCLUSIONS

Figure-of-8 hitch-up stitch is a safe bicuspid aortic valve repair technique. It increases the likelihood of a successful repair without increasing risk of cusp tear and achieves satisfactory long-term survival and durability when added to classical repair techniques.