Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Front Public Health. 2024 May 21;12:1380710. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1380710. eCollection 2024.
This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices among anemia patients toward disease management.
This web-based cross-sectional study was conducted between September and December 2023 at The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine). A self-designed questionnaire was developed to collect demographic information of anemia patients, and assess their knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) toward disease management.
A total of 396 valid questionnaires were collected. The mean age of the participants was 57.44 ± 16.80 years, and 52.02% were female. The mean knowledge, attitudes, and practices scores were 11.47 ± 1.73 (possible range: 0-14), 27.32 ± 2.96 (possible range: 7-35), and 40.49 ± 6.06 (possible range: 10-50), respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that bachelor's degree or above was independently associated with sufficient knowledge (OR = 2.372, 95%CI: 1.160-4.853, = 0.018). Knowledge (OR = 1.350, 95%CI: 1.166-1.563, < 0.001) and hemoglobin within 60-90 g/L (OR = 1.782, 95%CI: 1.090-2.912, = 0.021) were independently associated with positive attitudes. Moreover, attitudes (OR = 1.618, 95%CI: 1.454-1.799, < 0.001) and diagnosis ≥1 year (OR = 1.949, 95%CI: 1.171-3.243, = 0.010) were independently associated with proactive practices. The path analysis demonstrated that knowledge was directly and positively correlated with attitudes (β = 0.484, 95% CI: 0.363-0.647, = 0.008), and attitudes was directly and positively correlated with practices ( = 1.195, 95% CI: 1.062-1.332, = 0.007). Moreover, knowledge was indirectly and positively correlated with practice ( = 0.579, 95% CI: 0.434-0.805, = 0.004).
Anemia patients have sufficient knowledge, negative attitudes, but proactive practices toward the toward disease management Comprehensive training programs are needed to improve anemia patients practices in this area.
本研究旨在评估贫血患者对疾病管理的知识、态度和实践情况。
本项基于网络的横断面研究于 2023 年 9 月至 12 月在浙江中医药大学第一附属医院（浙江省中医院）进行。研究采用自行设计的问卷收集贫血患者的人口统计学信息，并评估他们对疾病管理的知识、态度和实践（KAP）情况。
共收集到 396 份有效问卷。参与者的平均年龄为 57.44±16.80 岁，其中 52.02%为女性。知识、态度和实践得分的平均值分别为 11.47±1.73（可能范围：0-14）、27.32±2.96（可能范围：7-35）和 40.49±6.06（可能范围：10-50）。多变量分析表明，本科及以上学历与充足的知识独立相关（OR=2.372，95%CI：1.160-4.853，=0.018）。知识（OR=1.350，95%CI：1.166-1.563，<0.001）和血红蛋白在 60-90 g/L 之间（OR=1.782，95%CI：1.090-2.912，=0.021）与积极的态度独立相关。此外，态度（OR=1.618，95%CI：1.454-1.799，<0.001）和诊断≥1 年（OR=1.949，95%CI：1.171-3.243，=0.010）与积极的实践独立相关。路径分析表明，知识与态度直接且呈正相关（β=0.484，95%CI：0.363-0.647，=0.008），态度与实践直接且呈正相关（=1.195，95%CI：1.062-1.332，=0.007）。此外，知识与实践呈间接正相关（=0.579，95%CI：0.434-0.805，=0.004）。
贫血患者对疾病管理的知识充足，态度消极，但实践积极。需要综合培训计划来提高贫血患者在这方面的实践能力。
