Ida Satoshi, Imataka Kanako, Azuma Kentaro, Okubo Kaoru, Morii Masaki, Murata Kazuya
Department of Diabetes and Metabolism, Ise Red Cross Hospital.
Nihon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi. 2024;61(2):186-193. doi: 10.3143/geriatrics.61.186.
To examine the relationship between vegetable-first eating habits and the cognitive function in elderly patients with diabetes.
The subjects were outpatients with diabetes ≥60 years old at Ise Red Cross Hospital. A self-administered dementia checklist was used to assess mild cognitive impairment and dementia. The participants were asked to fill out a questionnaire on their vegetable-first eating habits and were classified into 4 groups: 0, 1, 2, and 3 times a day. The dependent variables were mild cognitive impairment and dementia, and the explanatory variable was vegetable-first eating habits (0 as a reference).
In total, 358 patients were included in the analysis. The number of vegetable-first meals was 0 in 153 (42.7%), 1 in 48 (13.4%), 2 in 46 (12.8%), and 3 in 111 (31.1%) patients. The adjusted odds ratios for 1, 2, and 3 times of mild cognitive impairment were 0.83 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.35-1.94; P=0.680), 0.81 (95% CI, 0.32-2.00; P=0.653), and 0.37 (95% CI, 0.17-0.81; P=0.014), respectively. However, there was no significant association between vegetable-first eating habits and dementia.
In elderly patients with diabetes, a vegetable-first eating habit at each meal was associated with a decreased risk of mild cognitive impairment.
探讨老年糖尿病患者以蔬菜为主的饮食习惯与认知功能之间的关系。
研究对象为伊势红十字医院60岁及以上的糖尿病门诊患者。采用自填式痴呆症检查表评估轻度认知障碍和痴呆症。参与者被要求填写一份关于他们以蔬菜为主的饮食习惯的问卷，并分为4组：每天0次、1次、2次和3次。因变量为轻度认知障碍和痴呆症，解释变量是以蔬菜为主的饮食习惯（以0次为参照）。
共有358例患者纳入分析。以蔬菜为主的用餐次数为0次的患者有153例（42.7%），1次的有48例（13.4%），2次的有46例（12.8%），3次的有111例（31.1%）。轻度认知障碍1次、2次和3次的校正比值比分别为0.83（95%置信区间[CI]，0.35 - 1.94；P = 0.680）、0.81（95% CI，0.32 - 2.00；P = 0.653）和0.37（95% CI，0.17 - 0.81；P = 0.014）。然而，以蔬菜为主的饮食习惯与痴呆症之间无显著关联。
在老年糖尿病患者中，每餐以蔬菜为主的饮食习惯与轻度认知障碍风险降低有关。
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