Chen De-Xin, Lu Chuang-Hong, Na Na, Yin Rui-Xing, Huang Feng
Department of Cardiology & Guangxi Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases Control and Prevention & Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
Department of Neuroscience, Scripps Research Institute, No.10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92037, USA.
Cell Biosci. 2024 Jun 5;14(1):72. doi: 10.1186/s13578-024-01255-z.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have emerged as a predominant threat to human health, surpassing the incidence and mortality rates of neoplastic diseases. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) serve as vital mediators in intercellular communication and material exchange. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), recognized as precursors of vascular endothelial cells (ECs), have garnered considerable attention in recent years due to the potential therapeutic value of their derived extracellular vesicles (EPC-EVs) in the context of CVDs. This comprehensive review systematically explores the origins, characteristics, and functions of EPCs, alongside the classification, properties, biogenesis, and extraction techniques of EVs, with particular emphasis on their protective roles in CVDs. Additionally, we delve into the essential bioactive components of EPC-EVs, including microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and proteins, analyzing their beneficial effects in promoting angiogenesis, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities, anti-fibrosis, anti-apoptosis, and myocardial regeneration. Furthermore, this review comprehensively investigates the therapeutic potential of EPC-EVs across various CVDs, encompassing acute myocardial infarction, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, atherosclerosis, non-ischemic cardiomyopathies, and diabetic cardiovascular disease. Lastly, we summarize the potential challenges associated with the clinical application of EPC-EVs and outline future directions, aiming to offer a valuable resource for both theoretical insights and practical applications of EPC-EVs in managing CVDs.
心血管疾病（CVDs）已成为对人类健康的主要威胁，其发病率和死亡率超过了肿瘤性疾病。细胞外囊泡（EVs）是细胞间通讯和物质交换的重要介质。内皮祖细胞（EPCs）被认为是血管内皮细胞（ECs）的前体，近年来，由于其衍生的细胞外囊泡（EPC-EVs）在心血管疾病中的潜在治疗价值而备受关注。这篇综述系统地探讨了EPCs的起源、特征和功能，以及EVs的分类、性质、生物发生和提取技术，特别强调了它们在心血管疾病中的保护作用。此外，我们深入研究了EPC-EVs的重要生物活性成分，包括微小RNA、长链非编码RNA和蛋白质，分析了它们在促进血管生成、抗炎和抗氧化活性、抗纤维化、抗凋亡和心肌再生方面的有益作用。此外，本综述全面研究了EPC-EVs在各种心血管疾病中的治疗潜力，包括急性心肌梗死、心肌缺血-再灌注损伤、动脉粥样硬化、非缺血性心肌病和糖尿病心血管疾病。最后，我们总结了EPC-EVs临床应用中潜在的挑战，并概述了未来的方向，旨在为EPC-EVs在心血管疾病管理中的理论见解和实际应用提供有价值的资源。
