Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences, Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, CNR, Napoli, Italy.
NEUROFARBA Department, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Expert Opin Ther Pat. 2024 May;34(5):351-363. doi: 10.1080/13543776.2024.2365407. Epub 2024 Jun 11.
This review offers an updated perspective on the biomedical applications of prokaryotic carbonic anhydrases (CAs), emphasizing their potential as targets for drug development against antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. A systematic review of literature from PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar has been conducted to provide a comprehensive analysis.
It delves into the pivotal roles of prokaryotic CAs in bacterial metabolism and their distinctions from mammalian CAs. The review explores the diversity of CA classes in bacteria, discusses selective inhibitors targeting bacterial CAs, and explores their potential applications in biomedical research. Furthermore, it analyzes clinical trials investigating the efficacy of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) and patented approaches for developing antibacterial CAIs, highlighting their translational potential in creating innovative antibacterial agents.
Recent years have witnessed increased recognition of CA inhibition as a promising strategy against bacterial infections. Challenges persist in achieving selectivity over human isoforms and optimizing therapeutic efficacy. Structural biology techniques provide insights into unique active site architectures, guiding selective inhibitor design. The review underscores the importance of interdisciplinary collaborations, innovative drug delivery systems, and advanced drug discovery approaches in unlocking the full therapeutic potential of prokaryotic CA inhibitors. It emphasizes the significance of these efforts in addressing antibiotic resistance and improving patient outcomes.
本综述提供了对原核碳酸酐酶（CA）在生物医学应用的最新视角，强调其作为针对抗生素耐药性细菌感染的药物开发靶点的潜力。通过对 PubMed、Web of Science 和 Google Scholar 中的文献进行系统综述，提供了全面的分析。
它深入探讨了原核 CA 在细菌代谢中的关键作用及其与哺乳动物 CA 的区别。本综述探讨了细菌中 CA 类别的多样性，讨论了针对细菌 CA 的选择性抑制剂，并探讨了它们在生物医学研究中的潜在应用。此外，它分析了研究碳酸酐酶抑制剂（CAI）疗效的临床试验和开发抗菌 CAI 的专利方法，强调了它们在创造创新抗菌剂方面的转化潜力。
近年来，人们越来越认识到 CA 抑制作为对抗细菌感染的有前途的策略。在实现对人同工型的选择性和优化治疗效果方面仍然存在挑战。结构生物学技术提供了对独特活性位点结构的深入了解，指导了选择性抑制剂的设计。该综述强调了跨学科合作、创新药物输送系统和先进药物发现方法在挖掘原核 CA 抑制剂的全部治疗潜力方面的重要性。它强调了这些努力在应对抗生素耐药性和改善患者预后方面的重要性。
