Amine transport into chromaffin ghosts. Kinetic measurements of net uptake of biologically and pharmacologically relevant amines using an on-line amperometric technique.

The kinetic parameters for net transport of dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, S alpha-methyldopamine, R alpha-methyldopamine, and 1R,2S alpha-methylnorepinephrine into highly purified bovine chromaffin ghosts were determined using an on-line amperometric technique. Chromaffin ghosts devoid of endogenous amines were formed from lysis of chromaffin granules under hypotonic conditions, extensive washing of the scattered membranes, followed by resuspension in iso-osmotic media and overnight dialysis. When chromaffin ghosts formed so as to generate and maintain a large delta pH were suspended in 185 mM KCl, 10 mM Hepes at pH 7.0, 37 degrees C, the addition of MgATP resulted in rapid acidification of the intravesicular space, which was maintained at pH 6.0 (+/- 0.1) for over 30 min. Kinetic net amine transport was subsequently measured with a glassy carbon electrode. The initial rates of uptake were found to follow Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Computer based statistical analysis of the data using distribution-free procedures yielded Km (and V) values as follows: in microM (nmol X mg protein-1 X min-1) dopamine, 16.2 (14.0); R-norepinephrine, 32.5 (12.9); R-epinephrine, 35.1 (15.2); 5-hydroxytryptamine, 4.7 (5.1); S alpha-methyldopamine, 17.7 (11.2); R alpha-methyldopamine, 44.2 (9.9); 1R,2S alpha-methylnorepinephrine, 76.5 (12.5). The physiologic and pharmacologic implications of these kinetic parameters are discussed.