School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
School of Music, Herzen University, Moika River Embankment, St. Petersburg, Russia.
Complement Ther Med. 2024 Aug;83:103062. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2024.103062. Epub 2024 Jun 4.
To evaluate the effectiveness of music therapy in reducing anxiety, pain, and vital sign changes in ophthalmic surgery patients.
An extensive search of databases, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, identified relevant studies up to Jan 2024. Selection of studies was conducted based on the PICOS criteria. The quality of methodology was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias assessment tool and Review Manager 5.4. Meta-analysis comparing the control group and the music therapy group was performed using R and Stata/SE 15.1 random or fixed effects model.
This meta-analysis included fifteen studies comprising 2098 participants. The analysis revealed that music therapy significantly reduced the risk of high anxiety levels as measured by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) (I = 0 %, RR(95 %CI): 0.75(0.63, 0.88), p = 0.0006), indicating a substantial effect without heterogeneity. The Anxiety scores determined by State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-State (STAI-S) also showed a significant decrease (SMD(95 %CI): -0.75(-0.88, -0.61), p < 0.0001), albeit with moderate heterogeneity (I² = 36 %). Additionally, music therapy was associated with a reduction in intraoperative pain levels, with no observed heterogeneity (I = 0 %, SMD(95 %CI): -0.74(-0.93, -0.56), p < 0.0001). In contrast, music intervention did not significantly influence self-reported nervousness, relaxation, or satisfaction levels as determined by VAS. Regarding to physiological parameters, a marginal decrease in systolic blood pressure (SBP) was observed (SMD(95 %CI): -0.42(-0.79, -0.04), p = 0.0286), with considerable heterogeneity (I² = 92 %). Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) experienced a slight reduction (I² = 90 %, SMD(95 %CI): -0.45(-0.79, -0.11), p = 0.0088). However, no significant effect was observed on patients' heart rate (p = 0.0864).
Music therapy effectively reduced anxiety and pain, and moderately improved vital signs in patients undergoing ophthalmic surgery, highlighting its role in enhancing patient well-being. Further in-depth RCTs are needed to confirm its efficacy.
评估音乐疗法在降低眼科手术患者焦虑、疼痛和生命体征变化方面的有效性。
通过对 PubMed、Embase、Cochrane、Web of Science 和 Google Scholar 等数据库进行广泛检索，确定截至 2024 年 1 月的相关研究。根据 PICOS 标准选择研究。使用 Cochrane 偏倚风险评估工具和 Review Manager 5.4 评估方法学质量。使用 R 和 Stata/SE 15.1 随机或固定效应模型对比较对照组和音乐治疗组的 meta 分析进行比较。
本 meta 分析包括 15 项研究，共 2098 名参与者。分析表明，音乐疗法通过视觉模拟量表（VAS）显著降低了高焦虑水平的风险（I = 0%，RR（95%CI）：0.75（0.63，0.88），p = 0.0006），表明没有异质性的显著效果。状态特质焦虑量表-状态（STAI-S）的焦虑评分也显示出显著降低（SMD（95%CI）：-0.75（-0.88，-0.61），p < 0.0001），尽管存在中度异质性（I² = 36%）。此外，音乐疗法与术中疼痛水平的降低相关，没有观察到异质性（I = 0%，SMD（95%CI）：-0.74（-0.93，-0.56），p < 0.0001）。相比之下，音乐干预并没有显著影响视觉模拟量表（VAS）测定的自我报告紧张、放松或满意度水平。关于生理参数，收缩压（SBP）略有下降（SMD（95%CI）：-0.42（-0.79，-0.04），p = 0.0286），存在相当大的异质性（I² = 92%）。舒张压（DBP）略有下降（I² = 90%，SMD（95%CI）：-0.45（-0.79，-0.11），p = 0.0088）。然而，对患者心率没有观察到显著影响（p = 0.0864）。
音乐疗法可有效降低眼科手术患者的焦虑和疼痛，并适度改善生命体征，强调其在改善患者舒适度方面的作用。需要进一步进行深入的 RCT 以确认其疗效。
