Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
Am J Prev Med. 2024 Oct;67(4):592-605. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2024.05.022. Epub 2024 Jun 4.
Physical activity (PA) is a promising way to improve mental health in children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The current review aimed to explore the potential neurobiological, psychosocial, and behavioral mechanisms between PA interventions and mental health in children and adolescents with NDDs.
Web of Science, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and ERIC were searched from inception to June 2023. Randomized controlled trials/quasi-experimental designs applying PA interventions and reporting at least one mental health outcome and at least one potential mechanism in children and adolescents with NDDs were included. The best evidence synthesis rating system was adopted to determine the strength and consistency of potential mechanisms and was performed in 2024.
In total, 45 studies were included, 29 of which were randomized controlled trials and 16 were quasi-experimental, with a total of 1,751 participants. According to the best evidence synthesis rating system, neurobiological (theta activity and P3 amplitude), psychosocial (social skills and social participation), and behavioral (motor skills and sleep) mechanisms were the frequently examined and consistent mechanisms through which PA affected mental health in children and adolescents with NDDs. However, evidence regarding P3 latency, beta activity, and physical self-concept was insufficient.
Future PA interventions could consider neurobiological (theta activity and P3 amplitude), psychosocial (social skills and social participation), and behavioral (motor skills and sleep) mechanisms. Alternatively, PA can be developed as an adjunctive approach with interventions that specifically focus on these mechanisms to enhance mental health in children and adolescents with NDDs.
身体活动（PA）是改善神经发育障碍（NDD）儿童和青少年心理健康的一种很有前途的方法。然而，其潜在机制尚不清楚。本综述旨在探讨 NDD 儿童和青少年中 PA 干预与心理健康之间潜在的神经生物学、心理社会和行为机制。
从建库到 2023 年 6 月，在 Web of Science、PsycINFO、SPORTDiscus、MEDLINE、CINAHL 和 ERIC 上进行了检索。纳入了应用 PA 干预并报告了至少一种心理健康结果和至少一种 NDD 儿童和青少年潜在机制的随机对照试验/准实验设计。采用最佳证据综合评级系统来确定潜在机制的强度和一致性，并于 2024 年进行。
共纳入 45 项研究，其中 29 项为随机对照试验，16 项为准实验，共 1751 名参与者。根据最佳证据综合评级系统，神经生物学（θ 活动和 P3 振幅）、心理社会（社交技能和社交参与）和行为（运动技能和睡眠）机制是 PA 影响 NDD 儿童和青少年心理健康的经常检查和一致的机制。然而，关于 P3 潜伏期、β 活动和身体自我概念的证据不足。
未来的 PA 干预可以考虑神经生物学（θ 活动和 P3 振幅）、心理社会（社交技能和社交参与）和行为（运动技能和睡眠）机制。或者，PA 可以作为一种辅助方法与专门针对这些机制的干预措施相结合，以增强 NDD 儿童和青少年的心理健康。
