Hood Wendy R
Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, 101 Life Sciences Building, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
Integr Comp Biol. 2024 Dec 20;64(6):1811-1825. doi: 10.1093/icb/icae065.
Avian migration is among the most energetically demanding feats observed in animals. Studies evaluating the physiological underpinnings of migration have repeatedly shown that migratory birds display numerous adaptations that ultimately supply the flight muscle mitochondria with abundant fuel and oxygen during long-distance flights. To make use of this high input, the organs and mitochondria of migrants are predicted to display several traits that maximize their capacity to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP). This review aims to introduce readers to several mechanisms by which organs and mitochondria can alter their capacity for oxidative phosphorylation and ATP production. The role of organ size, mitochondrial volume, substrate, and oxygen delivery to the electron transport system are discussed. A central theme of this review is the role of changes in electron chain complex activity, mitochondrial morphology and dynamics, and supercomplexes in allowing avian migrants and other taxa to alter the performance of the electron transport system with predictable shifts in demand. It is my hope that this review will serve as a springboard for future studies exploring the mechanisms that alter bioenergetic capacity across animal species.
鸟类迁徙是动物界中能量需求最大的行为之一。评估迁徙生理基础的研究反复表明，候鸟表现出众多适应性特征，这些特征最终在长途飞行中为飞行肌线粒体提供丰富的燃料和氧气。为了利用这种高能量输入，预计迁徙鸟类的器官和线粒体具有若干特征，以最大限度地提高其产生三磷酸腺苷（ATP）的能力。本综述旨在向读者介绍器官和线粒体改变其氧化磷酸化及ATP生成能力的几种机制。文中讨论了器官大小、线粒体体积、底物以及向电子传递系统输送氧气的作用。本综述的一个核心主题是电子链复合体活性、线粒体形态与动态变化以及超复合体在使候鸟和其他生物类群能够随着需求的可预测变化而改变电子传递系统性能方面所起的作用。我希望这篇综述能成为未来研究探索跨动物物种改变生物能量能力机制的一个跳板。
