Asan Selim, Ulupınar Süleyman, Özbay Serhat, Namlı Sevinç, Gençoğlu Cebrail, Canyurt Ferhat, Çingöz Yunus Emre, Özkara Abdullah Bora
Faculty of Sport Sciences, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey.
Faculty of Sport Sciences, Bayburt University, Bayburt, Turkey.
BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2024 Jun 6;16(1):126. doi: 10.1186/s13102-024-00916-3.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted during the 2019-2020 academic year to evaluate the impact of participation in school sports on students' Body Mass Index (BMI) and Assessing Levels of Physical Activity (ALPHA) test scores. Interrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to a suspension of in-person education, the study resumed in September 2021, refocusing on the effects of pandemic-induced inactivity on the physical fitness levels of the same cohort.
The study included twenty-nine male high school students (age: 17,24 ± 0,73 years), divided into thirteen athletes (participating in sports such as football, basketball, and track) and sixteen non-athletic counterparts. They underwent reassessment using the ALPHA test battery, evaluating cardiorespiratory, musculoskeletal, and motor skills fitness. Data were analyzed using independent and paired samples t-tests and a two-way repeated measures ANOVA to assess changes over time and between groups. Discriminant function analysis evaluated the ALPHA test's ability to classify students based on their athletic status pre- and post-pandemic.
Initially, athlete students exhibited significantly better BMI, 20 m shuttle run, and 4 × 10 m speed run scores compared to their non-athlete peers. After the pandemic, only the 20 m shuttle run scores remained significantly higher for athletes, with diminished distinctions in other fitness areas. The classification accuracy of the ALPHA test battery decreased from 89.7 to 75.9% post-pandemic.
The enforced sedentary lifestyle due to the COVID-19 pandemic adversely affected all students, particularly diminishing health-related fitness parameters such as body composition, cardiorespiratory and musculoskeletal strength, and motor skills. Students previously engaged in regular physical activity, notably school athletes, experienced significant fitness declines. This highlights the urgent need for targeted interventions to encourage active lifestyles among youth in the post-pandemic phase, aiming to avert long-term adverse health outcomes.
背景/目的：本研究在2019 - 2020学年进行，旨在评估参与学校体育活动对学生体重指数（BMI）和身体活动水平评估（ALPHA）测试成绩的影响。由于2019冠状病毒病疫情导致面对面教学暂停，该研究于2021年9月恢复，重新聚焦疫情引发的身体活动不足对同一队列学生身体素质水平的影响。
该研究纳入了29名男性高中生（年龄：17.24 ± 0.73岁），分为13名运动员（参加足球、篮球和田径等运动）和16名非运动员同学。他们使用ALPHA测试组合进行重新评估，以评估心肺、肌肉骨骼和运动技能的健康状况。使用独立样本t检验、配对样本t检验和双向重复测量方差分析对数据进行分析，以评估随时间和组间的变化。判别函数分析评估了ALPHA测试根据学生疫情前和疫情后的运动状态对其进行分类的能力。
最初，运动员学生的BMI、20米穿梭跑和4×10米速度跑成绩显著优于非运动员同龄人。疫情后，只有运动员的20米穿梭跑成绩仍显著更高，其他健康领域的差异减小。疫情后，ALPHA测试组合的分类准确率从89.7%降至75.9%。
2019冠状病毒病疫情导致的强制久坐生活方式对所有学生都产生了不利影响，尤其降低了与健康相关的身体素质参数，如身体成分、心肺和肌肉骨骼力量以及运动技能。以前经常进行体育活动的学生，尤其是学校运动员，身体素质显著下降。这凸显了在疫情后阶段迫切需要有针对性的干预措施，以鼓励青少年积极的生活方式，旨在避免长期不良健康后果。
