He Qiang, Ning Jiaoyi, Chen Hongming, Jiang Zhixiang, Wang Jianing, Chen Dinghui, Zhao Changbin, Liu Zhenguo, Perepichka Igor F, Meng Hong, Huang Wei
School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, 2199 Lishui Road, Nanshan district, Shenzhen 518055, China.
Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China.
Chem Soc Rev. 2024 Jul 1;53(13):7091-7157. doi: 10.1039/d4cs00366g.
Energy storage devices with high power and energy density are in demand owing to the rapidly growing population, and lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are promising rechargeable energy storage devices. However, there are many issues associated with the development of electrode materials with a high theoretical capacity, which need to be addressed before their commercialization. Extensive research has focused on the modification and structural design of electrode materials, which are usually expensive and sophisticated. Besides, polymer binders are pivotal components for maintaining the structural integrity and stability of electrodes in LIBs. Polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) is a commercial binder with superior electrochemical stability, but its poor adhesion, insufficient mechanical properties, and low electronic and ionic conductivity hinder its wide application as a high-capacity electrode material. In this review, we highlight the recent progress in developing different polymeric materials (based on natural polymers and synthetic non-conductive and electronically conductive polymers) as binders for the anodes and cathodes in LIBs. The influence of the mechanical, adhesion, and self-healing properties as well as electronic and ionic conductivity of polymers on the capacity, capacity retention, rate performance and cycling life of batteries is discussed. Firstly, we analyze the failure mechanisms of binders based on the operation principle of lithium-ion batteries, introducing two models of "interface failure" and "degradation failure". More importantly, we propose several binder parameters applicable to most lithium-ion batteries and systematically consider and summarize the relationships between the chemical structure and properties of the binder at the molecular level. Subsequently, we select silicon and sulfur active electrode materials as examples to discuss the design principles of the binder from a molecular structure point of view. Finally, we present our perspectives on the development directions of binders for next-generation high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries. We hope that this review will guide researchers in the further design of novel efficient binders for lithium-ion batteries at the molecular level, especially for high energy density electrode materials.
随着人口的快速增长，对具有高功率和能量密度的储能装置的需求不断增加，而锂离子电池（LIBs）是很有前景的可充电储能装置。然而，高理论容量电极材料的开发存在许多问题，在其商业化之前需要加以解决。广泛的研究集中在电极材料的改性和结构设计上，这些材料通常昂贵且复杂。此外，聚合物粘结剂是维持LIBs电极结构完整性和稳定性的关键组分。聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）是一种具有优异电化学稳定性的商业粘结剂，但其粘结性差、机械性能不足以及电子和离子导电性低，阻碍了其作为高容量电极材料的广泛应用。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了开发不同聚合物材料（基于天然聚合物以及合成的非导电和导电聚合物）作为LIBs阳极和阴极粘结剂的最新进展。讨论了聚合物的机械性能、粘结性能和自愈性能以及电子和离子导电性对电池容量、容量保持率、倍率性能和循环寿命的影响。首先，我们基于锂离子电池的工作原理分析粘结剂的失效机制，介绍“界面失效”和“降解失效”两种模型。更重要的是，我们提出了几个适用于大多数锂离子电池的粘结剂参数，并在分子水平上系统地考虑和总结了粘结剂的化学结构与性能之间的关系。随后，我们以硅和硫活性电极材料为例，从分子结构的角度讨论粘结剂的设计原则。最后，我们对下一代高能量密度锂离子电池粘结剂的发展方向提出了看法。我们希望这篇综述能指导研究人员在分子水平上进一步设计新型高效的锂离子电池粘结剂，特别是针对高能量密度电极材料。
