Mind, Brain & Behavior Research Center and Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
Department of Psychology, Consciousness and Cognition Lab, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Br J Psychol. 2024 Nov;115(4):665-682. doi: 10.1111/bjop.12715. Epub 2024 Jun 7.
Throughout the day, humans show natural fluctuations in arousal that impact cognitive function. To study the behavioural dynamics of cognitive control during high and low arousal states, healthy participants performed an auditory conflict task during high-intensity physical exercise (N = 39) or drowsiness (N = 33). In line with the pre-registered hypotheses, conflict and conflict adaptation effects were preserved during both altered arousal states. Overall task performance was markedly poorer during low arousal, but not for high arousal. Modelling behavioural dynamics with drift diffusion analysis revealed evidence accumulation and non-decision time decelerated, and decisional boundaries became wider during low arousal, whereas high arousal was unexpectedly associated with a decrease in the interference of task-irrelevant information processing. These findings show how arousal differentially modulates cognitive control at both sides of normal alertness, and further validate drowsiness and physical exercise as key experimental models to disentangle the interaction between physiological fluctuations on cognitive dynamics.
在一天中，人类的觉醒状态会自然波动，从而影响认知功能。为了研究在高唤醒和低唤醒状态下认知控制的行为动态，健康参与者在高强度体育锻炼（N=39）或困倦（N=33）期间执行听觉冲突任务。与预先注册的假设一致，在两种改变的唤醒状态下，冲突和冲突适应效应都得到了保留。在低唤醒状态下，整体任务表现明显较差，但在高唤醒状态下并非如此。使用漂移扩散分析对行为动态进行建模表明，在低唤醒状态下，证据积累和非决策时间减速，决策边界变宽，而高唤醒状态出乎意料地与任务无关信息处理的干扰减少有关。这些发现表明，觉醒状态如何在正常警觉状态的两侧差异调节认知控制，并进一步验证了困倦和体育锻炼是分离认知动态中生理波动相互作用的关键实验模型。
