Efficacy and prognostic value of peripheral blood CD4 T cells and serum IL-6 and IL-8 in tuberculous meningitis.

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the value of peripheral blood clusters of differentiation 4 (CD4) T-lymphocyte (T cells) count and serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) in the treatment and prognosis of tuberculous meningitis (TBM).

METHODS

Sixty-five patients with TBM were prospectively included in the observation group. Sixty-five patients with pulmonary TB and a group of 65 healthy individuals served as the control groups. The differences in peripheral blood CD4 T-cell count, serum IL-6, and IL-8 levels were compared, and changes in these indices after anti-TB treatment in the observation group were analysed. The observation group was divided into effective and ineffective groups based on their response after 24 weeks of anti-TB treatment. The study also evaluated the influence of peripheral blood CD4 T-cell count, serum IL-6, and IL-8 levels on the adverse prognosis of TBM during anti-TB treatment.

RESULTS

Before treatment, the CD4 T-cell count in the peripheral blood of the observation group was lower than in both the control and healthy groups, and serum IL-6 and IL-8 levels were higher than in the control group (). After 24 weeks of anti-TB treatment, the CD4 T-cell count in the peripheral blood of the observation group increased, whereas the levels of IL-6 and IL-8 decreased significantly (). The levels of CD4 T cells and IL-6 in the peripheral blood of patients before treatment were identified as independent factors influencing the efficacy of anti-TB treatment ( =  = ).

CONCLUSION

In patients with TBM, the CD4 T-cell count in the peripheral blood is decreased, whereas serum IL-6 and IL-8 are increased. The combination of CD4 T cells and IL-8 shows a degree of predictive value for the prognosis of anti-TB treatment.