Arastoo Haleh Sadat, Ghalehbandi Mir Farhad, Alavi Kaveh, Kashaninasab Fatemeh, Nojomi Marzieh
Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Sleep Sci. 2024 Apr 9;17(2):e157-e165. doi: 10.1055/s-0043-1777776. eCollection 2024 Jun.
An individual's chronotype affects circadian characteristics associated with bedtime, waking, and other daily activities. It is known that academic achievement is strongly dependent on personality traits. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship regarding chronotype, quality of life, and academic performance of university students by comparing three educational fields: medicine, technology, and art. The present cross-sectional study was conducted with 400 medicine, technology, and art students enrolled at universities in Tehran between2018 and 2019, with convenience sampling from January 2020 to January 2021. The students filled out online questionnaires, including a demographics questionnaire, a quality of life assessment questionnaire (the World Health Organization Quality of Life: Brief Version, WHOQOL-BREF), the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 items (DASS-21). The statistical analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows software, version 22.0 ( < 0.05). A total of 400 students were enrolled in the present study, including 115 medicine, 153 technology, and 132 art students (67.3% of female and 33.7% of male subjects, with a mean age of 21.06 ± 2.063 years). In spite of the absence of significant differences among the chronotypes of the three groups, there was a significant correlation regarding the chronotypes in all groups and quality of life ( = 0.005). Morning-type individuals presented better quality of life and better quality of sleep ( < 0.001; r = 0.175). No significant associations were found involving the students' academic performance and their chronotypes ( > 0.05; r = 0.026). Considering the chronotype's effect of improving the quality of life of students and, therefore, their academic performance, more studies are essential to effectively improve the academic performance of individuals with different chronotypes.
个体的昼夜节律类型会影响与就寝时间、起床时间及其他日常活动相关的昼夜节律特征。众所周知，学业成绩很大程度上取决于人格特质。本研究旨在通过比较医学、技术和艺术这三个教育领域，探讨大学生的昼夜节律类型、生活质量和学业成绩之间的关系。
本横断面研究对2018年至2019年在德黑兰各大学就读的400名医学、技术和艺术专业学生进行，于2020年1月至2021年1月采用便利抽样法。学生们填写了在线问卷，包括人口统计学问卷、生活质量评估问卷（世界卫生组织生活质量简表，WHOQOL - BREF）、晨型 - 夜型问卷（MEQ）、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）以及抑郁、焦虑和压力量表（21项，DASS - 21）。使用IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows软件22.0版进行统计分析（P < 0.05）。
本研究共纳入400名学生，其中医学专业115名，技术专业153名，艺术专业132名（女性受试者占67.3%，男性受试者占33.7%，平均年龄为21.06 ± 2.063岁）。尽管三组的昼夜节律类型之间没有显著差异，但所有组的昼夜节律类型与生活质量之间存在显著相关性（P = 0.005）。晨型个体的生活质量和睡眠质量更好（P < 0.001；r = 0.175）。未发现学生的学业成绩与昼夜节律类型之间存在显著关联（P > 0.05；r = 0.026）。
考虑到昼夜节律类型对提高学生生活质量进而对其学业成绩的影响，有必要进行更多研究以有效提高不同昼夜节律类型个体的学业成绩。
