Ghelichi-Ghojogh Mousa, Ghezeljeh Edris, Delavari Sahar, Aghapour Seyed Ali
Neonatal and Children's Health Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
Institute for the Developing Mind, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.
Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2024 May 6;86(6):3624-3626. doi: 10.1097/MS9.0000000000001164. eCollection 2024 Jun.
Alpha-Gal syndrome (AGS), a distinct form of mammalian meat allergy, presents unique characteristics that set it apart from typical IgE-mediated food hypersensitivities. AGS induces an allergic response typically 3-6 h post-ingestion of mammalian meat, such as beef, pork, or lamb. This prolonged reaction time differentiates AGS from other food allergies, which usually provoke a more immediate response.
The authors present a case of a 35-year-old male patient who, unbeknownst to him, had been experiencing symptoms consistent with Alpha-Gal allergy for several years. His symptoms only subsided upon the complete elimination of mammalian meat from his diet. It was only then that the possibility of AGS was considered. Complete abstinence from mammalian meat, meat by-products, and other α-Gal containing foods is the most effective preventative strategy for AGS. No definitive cure for AGS has been established as of now. Treatment protocols for hypersensitivity reactions are contingent upon the severity of the reaction, with therapies ranging from antihistamine medications to the administration of epinephrine.
There is considerable variability among AGS patients concerning the consumption of dairy products. Some individuals with AGS can safely consume dairy products without any adverse reactions, while others are advised to abstain due to potential allergenic responses. This variability in dairy tolerance among AGS patients warrants further investigation.
α-半乳糖综合征（AGS）是一种独特的哺乳动物肉类过敏形式，具有一些使其有别于典型IgE介导的食物过敏的独特特征。AGS通常在摄入牛肉、猪肉或羊肉等哺乳动物肉类后3 - 6小时引发过敏反应。这种较长的反应时间使AGS与其他食物过敏区分开来，其他食物过敏通常引发更即时的反应。
作者介绍了一名35岁男性患者的病例，该患者多年来一直出现与α-半乳糖过敏相符的症状，但他自己并不知晓。只有在他的饮食中完全消除哺乳动物肉类后，他的症状才有所缓解。直到那时才考虑到AGS的可能性。完全避免食用哺乳动物肉类、肉类副产品以及其他含α-半乳糖的食物是预防AGS最有效的策略。截至目前，尚未确定针对AGS的确切治愈方法。过敏反应的治疗方案取决于反应的严重程度，治疗方法从抗组胺药物到肾上腺素的使用不等。
AGS患者在乳制品消费方面存在很大差异。一些AGS患者可以安全地食用乳制品而无任何不良反应，而另一些患者则因潜在的过敏反应而被建议避免食用。AGS患者在乳制品耐受性方面的这种差异值得进一步研究。
