麻醉学领域女性职业选择历程的定性探索
A Qualitative Exploration of the Career-Choice Journey of Women in Anesthesiology.
作者信息
Marroquin Bridget M, Stebbins Emily L, Fairbanks Stacy L, White Bobbie Ann Adair
机构信息
The following authors are at Robert Larner, MD College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, VT: is the Vice Chair for Education and an Associate Professor in the Departments of Anesthesiology and Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences; is an Associate Professor and Residency Program Director in the Department of Anesthesiology. is a Staff Physician and Medical Director of Obstetric Anesthesia at Sinai Advocate Aurora Hospital, Milwaukee, WI. is an Associate Professor in Health Professions Education in the School of Healthcare Leadership at MGH Institute of Health Professions, Boston, MA.
出版信息
J Educ Perioper Med. 2024 Jun 5;26(2):E726. doi: 10.46374/VolXXVI_Issue2_Marroquin. eCollection 2024 Apr-Jun.
BACKGROUND
Women are underrepresented in the anesthesiology physician workforce. Additionally, recruitment of women into the specialty has been stagnant over the past 2 decades. Current evidence is lacking regarding how and why women navigate the career-exploration journey to find anesthesiology. The purpose of this study was to investigate the phenomenon of women choosing a career in anesthesiology, specifically identifying facilitators and barriers to career choice and professional identity formation.
METHODS
Using constructivist grounded theory, we explored the self-reported experiences of women anesthesiology trainees, including resident physicians and senior medical students. Seven resident physicians and 4 medical students participated in the study. Through semistructured interviews, data collection, and iterative analysis, the authors identified codes and emerging themes, thereby advancing the understanding of the career-choice journeys of women anesthesiologists.
RESULTS
Iterative analysis revealed 6 themes related to career-choice journeys for women in anesthesiology. Three emerging themes have been previously described in career-choice reviews (specialty characteristics, gender awareness, and pathway support). Additionally, 3 novel themes emerged from our study population (hidden curriculum, learning environment, and mystery behind the drape).
CONCLUSIONS
The findings of this study highlight factors and experiences that impact career-choice decisions for women who choose anesthesiology. Only in understanding the how and why of women physicians' journeys can we hope to build on this knowledge, thereby striving to develop educational, clinical, professional, and personal experiences that support women along their professional journeys to ultimately find anesthesiology.
背景
麻醉科医师队伍中女性所占比例较低。此外，在过去20年里，女性进入该专业的人数一直停滞不前。目前缺乏关于女性如何以及为何选择麻醉学职业探索之旅的证据。本研究的目的是调查女性选择麻醉学职业的现象，具体确定职业选择和职业身份形成的促进因素和障碍。
方法
我们采用建构主义扎根理论，探索了女性麻醉学实习生（包括住院医师和高年级医学生）自我报告的经历。7名住院医师和4名医学生参与了这项研究。通过半结构化访谈、数据收集和迭代分析，作者确定了代码和新出现的主题，从而加深了对女性麻醉科医师职业选择过程的理解。
结果
迭代分析揭示了与女性麻醉学职业选择过程相关的6个主题。职业选择综述中先前已描述了3个新出现的主题（专业特点、性别意识和途径支持）。此外，我们的研究人群还出现了3个新主题（隐性课程、学习环境和手术单背后的奥秘）。
结论
本研究结果突出了影响选择麻醉学的女性职业选择决定的因素和经历。只有了解女性医师职业发展过程的方式和原因，我们才有希望在此基础上努力发展教育、临床、专业和个人经历，在她们的职业发展过程中为女性提供支持，使其最终选择麻醉学。
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