Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland Baltimore School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland Baltimore School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Front Immunol. 2024 May 23;15:1392535. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1392535. eCollection 2024.
The pivotal role of Granzyme B (GzmB) in immune responses, initially tied to cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and natural killer (NK) cells, has extended across diverse cell types and disease models. A number of studies have challenged conventional notions, revealing GzmB activity beyond apoptosis, impacting autoimmune diseases, inflammatory disorders, cancer, and neurotoxicity. Notably, the diverse functions of GzmB unfold through Perforin-dependent and Perforin-independent mechanisms, offering clinical implications and therapeutic insights. This review underscores the multifaceted roles of GzmB, spanning immunological and pathological contexts, which call for further investigations to pave the way for innovative targeted therapies.
颗粒酶 B（GzmB）在免疫反应中起着关键作用，最初与细胞毒性 T 淋巴细胞（CTL）和自然杀伤（NK）细胞有关，但现已扩展到多种细胞类型和疾病模型。许多研究挑战了传统观念，揭示了 GzmB 活性超越细胞凋亡的范围，影响自身免疫性疾病、炎症性疾病、癌症和神经毒性。值得注意的是，GzmB 的多种功能通过依赖穿孔素和不依赖穿孔素的机制展开，为临床应用和治疗提供了新的见解。本综述强调了 GzmB 在免疫和病理环境中的多方面作用，这需要进一步的研究为创新的靶向治疗铺平道路。
