Department of Postgraduate Students, West China Hospital and West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Department of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
J Alzheimers Dis. 2024;100(1):151-161. doi: 10.3233/JAD-240061.
Noise exposure and the risk of cognitive impairment are currently major public health issues.
This study aimed to analyze the relationship between noise exposure and early impairment of cognitive function from the perspective of occupational epidemiology and to provide evidence for the long-term prevention and treatment of dementia in the context of aging.
This study was conducted in China between May and August 2021. The independent variables were the type of hazardous factors, duration of noise exposure, perceived noise intensity, and cumulative noise exposure (CNE). The dependent variable was cognitive function, which was measured using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Multiple linear and logistic regression were used to analyze the relationship between noise exposure and cognitive function and to establish an effect curve.
The detection rates of cognitive dysfunction using the MMSE and MoCA were 1.1% and 36.2%, respectively. The predicted MMSE and MoCA scores showed a downward trend within the CNE value ranging from 90-140 dB.time. Each unit increase in CNE decreased cognitive function scores by 0.025 (0.037, 0.013) and 0.020 (0.037, 0.003) points,respectively.
From the perspective of occupational epidemiology, these findings reveal a potential link between long-term noise exposure and early cognitive impairment.
噪声暴露与认知障碍风险是当前主要的公共卫生问题。
本研究旨在从职业流行病学角度分析噪声暴露与认知功能早期损害的关系，为老龄化背景下痴呆的长期预防和治疗提供依据。
本研究于 2021 年 5 月至 8 月在中国进行。自变量为有害因素类型、噪声暴露时间、感知噪声强度和累积噪声暴露（CNE）。因变量为认知功能，采用简易精神状态检查（MMSE）和蒙特利尔认知评估（MoCA）进行测量。采用多元线性和逻辑回归分析噪声暴露与认知功能的关系，并建立效应曲线。
使用 MMSE 和 MoCA 检测认知功能障碍的检出率分别为 1.1%和 36.2%。预测的 MMSE 和 MoCA 评分在 CNE 值为 90-140dB.time 范围内呈下降趋势。CNE 每增加一个单位，认知功能评分分别降低 0.025（0.037，0.013）和 0.020（0.037，0.003）分。
从职业流行病学角度来看，这些发现揭示了长期噪声暴露与早期认知障碍之间的潜在联系。
