School of Nursing, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
Gansu Health Vocational College, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
J Alzheimers Dis. 2024;100(1):29-40. doi: 10.3233/JAD-240325.
To date, the magnitude of association and the quality of evidence for cognitive decline (mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease, and dementia) in couples and risk factors for outcomes have not been reviewed and analyzed systematically.
The aim of this study was to investigate the concordance of cognitive impairment in unrelated spouses and to qualitatively describe potential risk factors.
Eight databases were searched from inception to October 20, 2023. Eligible studies were independently screened and assessed for quality. Statistical analysis was conducted using Stata 15.1 software. The study was preregistered with PROSPERO (CRD42023488024).
Eleven studies involving couples were included, with moderate to high evidence quality. Compared to controls, spouses of individuals with cognitive impairment had lower cognitive scores (Cohen's d: 0.18-0.62) and higher risk of cognitive decline (OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.15-1.76). The consistency of cognitive impairment between spouses was attributed to three theories: 1) the impact of caregiving stress experienced by the spouse; 2) assortative mating, which suggests that individuals select partners with similar characteristics; and 3) the influence of shared living environments and lifestyles.
The cognitive status of one spouse can affect the cognitive function of the other spouse. It is important to consider shared lifestyle, environmental, and psychobehavioral factors, as they may contribute to the risk of cognitive decline by couples. Identifying these factors can inform the development of targeted recommendations for interventions and preventive measures.
迄今为止，尚未对夫妇之间认知能力下降（轻度认知障碍、阿尔茨海默病和痴呆）的关联程度和证据质量以及结局的风险因素进行系统地回顾和分析。
本研究旨在调查无血缘关系配偶之间认知障碍的一致性，并定性描述潜在的风险因素。
从建库到 2023 年 10 月 20 日，我们检索了 8 个数据库。独立筛选并评估合格研究的质量。使用 Stata 15.1 软件进行统计分析。该研究已在 PROSPERO（CRD42023488024）上预先注册。
纳入了 11 项涉及夫妇的研究，证据质量为中等到高度。与对照组相比，认知障碍患者的配偶认知评分较低（Cohen's d：0.18-0.62），认知下降的风险较高（OR=1.42，95%CI：1.15-1.76）。配偶之间认知障碍的一致性归因于以下三个理论：1）配偶经历的照顾压力的影响；2）选择伴侣的相似特征的选择性交配；3）共同生活环境和生活方式的影响。
一方配偶的认知状况可能会影响另一方配偶的认知功能。考虑共同的生活方式、环境和心理行为因素非常重要，因为它们可能会增加夫妇认知能力下降的风险。识别这些因素可以为干预和预防措施的制定提供依据。
