Department of Health Policy and Management, University of Public Health, Yangon, Myanmar.
Department of Medical Service, Rakhine State, Myanmar.
WHO South East Asia J Public Health. 2023 Jul 1;12(2):93-98. doi: 10.4103/WHO-SEAJPH.WHO-SEAJPH_13_23. Epub 2024 Jan 19.
Among all types of health-care workers, nursing professionals are at the highest risk of violence since they have to deal with patients and their families directly and frequently. This study aimed to assess the magnitude of both physical and psychological workplace violence (WPV) among nurses at a public hospital in Myanmar and identify related factors. A cross-sectional study was carried out among 192 nurses with a minimum 1-year of working service at a large tertiary hospital using a standard self-administered questionnaire developed by the World Health Organization/International Labour Organization in 2003. The prevalence of overall WPV in the past 12 months was 29.2%. In particular, verbal abuse was the most frequent type (27.1%), followed by bullying/mobbing (7.8%) and physical violence (1.6%). Majority of perpetrators were patient's relatives (62.7%) for verbal abuse and staff members (64.3%) for bullying/mobbing. The reporting rate was very low for verbal abuse (13.5%) and bullying/mobbing were not reported. Logistic regression analysis showed that respondents who were older than 45 years' group (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 19.32; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.99-186.95, P = 0.011), those who were staff nurses (AOR: 17.87; 95% CI: 1.05-33.20, P = 0.046), and those who 1-5 years and 5.1-10 years of working experiences (AOR: 18.68; 95% CI: 3.43-101.65, P = 0.001) (AOR: 15.74; 95% CI: 2.80-88.42, P = 0.002) were more likely to be exposed to WPV than their respective counterparts. Awareness generation about the importance of WPV, enforcing available legal instruments, and establishing management strategies for safe working environments should be emphasized.
在所有类型的医护工作者中，护理人员面临的暴力风险最高，因为他们必须经常直接与患者及其家属打交道。本研究旨在评估缅甸一家公立医院护士遭受身体和心理工作场所暴力（WPV）的程度，并确定相关因素。采用世界卫生组织/国际劳工组织 2003 年制定的标准自我管理问卷，对一家大型三级医院的 192 名工作服务至少 1 年的护士进行了横断面研究。在过去 12 个月中，总体 WPV 的患病率为 29.2%。特别是，言语虐待是最常见的类型（27.1%），其次是欺凌/骚扰（7.8%）和身体暴力（1.6%）。大多数肇事者是患者的亲属（62.7%）言语虐待和工作人员（64.3%）欺凌/骚扰。言语虐待的报告率非常低（13.5%），而欺凌/骚扰则没有报告。Logistic 回归分析显示，年龄大于 45 岁组的受访者（调整优势比 [AOR]：19.32；95%置信区间 [CI]：1.99-186.95，P = 0.011）、 一线护士（AOR：17.87；95% CI：1.05-33.20，P = 0.046）和工作经验 1-5 年和 5.1-10 年的受访者（AOR：18.68；95% CI：3.43-101.65，P = 0.001）（AOR：15.74；95% CI：2.80-88.42，P = 0.002）比各自的对照组更有可能遭受 WPV。应强调提高对 WPV 重要性的认识，执行现有的法律文书，并制定安全工作环境的管理策略。
