Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Graduate school, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Nutr J. 2024 Jun 7;23(1):60. doi: 10.1186/s12937-024-00960-2.
This meta-analysis aims to analyze the relationship between serum vitamin D (VD) levels and Graves' disease (GD).
We conducted a search for publications on VD and GD in the English language. Our search encompassed databases such as PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, covering publications available through August 2023. A meta-analysis was performed using Cochrane RevMan 5.4 software. The standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used for outcome calculation. We used R software to test for publication bias.
Twelve studies were selected, comprising 937 (22.4%) cases with GD and 3254 (77.6%) controls. The overall meta-analysis revealed that patients with GD are significantly more likely to have low VD levels (SMD = - 0.66; 95% CI: -1.05, - 0.27; p = 0.001) than those in the control group. Egger's test results indicated no publication bias (p = 0.0791). These studies exhibited a high degree of heterogeneity (chi-square = 205.86, p < 0.00001; I = 95%). Subgroup analysis was conducted based on assay method, geographic location, and mean age of the case group to explore the heterogeneity sources. Assay methods and geographic locations were identified as potential heterogeneity sources. Based on the mean age, there were no statistically significant differences found in the subgroup analysis of the included studies.
There is promising evidence that low serum VD levels may increase the risk of GD. Further rigorous and long-term trials are needed to explore the role of VD in the onset and treatment of GD.
本荟萃分析旨在分析血清维生素 D（VD）水平与 Graves 病（GD）之间的关系。
我们用英文检索了 VD 和 GD 的相关文献，检索数据库包括 PubMed、Embase、Web of Science 和 Cochrane Library，检索时间截至 2023 年 8 月。采用 Cochrane RevMan 5.4 软件进行荟萃分析。计算结果采用标准化均数差（SMD）和 95%置信区间（CI）。使用 R 软件检验发表偏倚。
共纳入 12 项研究，包括 937 例（22.4%）GD 患者和 3254 例（77.6%）对照。汇总分析显示，GD 患者血清 VD 水平明显更低（SMD=-0.66；95%CI：-1.05，-0.27；p=0.001）。Egger 检验结果提示无发表偏倚（p=0.0791）。这些研究的异质性较高（chi-square=205.86，p<0.00001；I=95%）。根据检测方法、地理位置和病例组平均年龄进行亚组分析，以探讨异质性来源。检测方法和地理位置被认为是潜在的异质性来源。根据平均年龄，纳入研究的亚组分析未发现统计学差异。
有证据表明血清 VD 水平低可能增加 GD 的风险。需要进一步进行严格的长期试验，以探讨 VD 在 GD 发病和治疗中的作用。
