Krishnan Baby Karpagam, Balasubramanian Ganesh, Kumar Pesingi Pavan
Department of Health Research (D.H.R.), ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology (ICMR-NIE), Indian Council of Medical Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, R-127, 2Nd Main Road, T.N.H.B. Layout, Ayapakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 077, India.
Department of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Rajiv Gandhi South Campus, Banaras Hindu University, Mirzapur, UP, 231001, India.
One Health Outlook. 2024 Jun 7;6(1):11. doi: 10.1186/s42522-024-00098-5.
Leptospirosis is one of the most neglected zoonotic infections of public health concern worldwide and a remerging infection in tropical countries such as India. The infection least explored disease and the epidemiological and other critical data are scarce for the disease rate reported and to control the infection. Leptospirosis as sapronosis is as underrated as the infection itself, and this article aims to explore the significance of this aspect of the disease. The research review aimed at the epidemiological understanding of the infection to control the negative impact of the disease. A mixed review and analysis were carried out to understand the knowledge published on the critical and understudied areas like epidemiology, transmission, diagnosis, treatment, and control of infection. A systematic analysis was carried out to extract information about the reported circulating strains, and research lacunae in India with the published data available in PubMed. The article elaborately discusses crucial inference areas of infection transmission and addresses lacunae in critically unacclaimed areas of infection to control the spread of infection using one health approach (OHA), and strategies to control leptospiral infection are proposed. The article also reviewed how and why Leptospirosis can be best studied and controlled by "One health approach" in India.
钩端螺旋体病是全球最被忽视的、涉及公共卫生的人畜共患感染病之一，在印度等热带国家呈再度流行之势。这种感染病是研究最少的疾病之一，关于其发病率报告及控制感染所需的流行病学和其他关键数据十分匮乏。钩端螺旋体病作为腐物寄生性疾病，其受重视程度与感染病本身一样被低估，本文旨在探讨该疾病这一方面的重要性。该研究综述旨在从流行病学角度了解感染情况，以控制疾病的负面影响。开展了综合综述与分析，以了解在流行病学、传播、诊断、治疗及感染控制等关键且研究不足领域已发表的知识。进行了系统分析，以提取有关已报告的流行菌株的信息，以及印度在PubMed上可获取的已发表数据中的研究空白。本文详细讨论了感染传播的关键推断领域，并针对感染控制中备受忽视的关键领域的空白，探讨如何采用“同一健康”方法（OHA）控制感染传播，并提出了控制钩端螺旋体感染的策略。本文还回顾了在印度如何以及为何通过“同一健康”方法能最好地研究和控制钩端螺旋体病。
