Shen Peixin, Li Simin, Li Li, Fong Daniel T P, Mao Dewei, Song Qipeng
College of Sports and Health, Shandong Sport University, Jinan, 250102, China.
Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK.
Sports Med Open. 2024 Jun 9;10(1):70. doi: 10.1186/s40798-024-00735-3.
Patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) are at high risk for falls, which is attributed to their impaired balance control. Identifying factors associated with balance control facilitates the development of precise KOA rehabilitation programs. This study was to investigate the correlations of balance control with proprioception, plantar tactile sensation (PTS), pain, joint range of motion (ROM), and strength among older adults with and without KOA, as well as the magnitudes and sequence of correlation of these factors to balance control.
A total of 240 older adults with (n = 124, female: 84, age: 68.8 ± 4.0 years) and without (n = 116, female: 64, age: 67.9 ± 3.5 years) KOA were recruited and assigned to the KOA and control groups. Their proprioception, PTS, pain, ROM, and strength were measured. Pearson or Spearman correlations were used to test whether they were significantly related to their Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and factor analysis and multivariate linear regression were used to determine the degrees of correlation between each factor and the BBS.
Compared to the control group, the KOA group had lower BBS score, larger proprioception and PTS thresholds, smaller ROM, and less strength (p: 0.008, < 0.001-0.016, < 0.001-0.005, < 0.001-0.014, and < 0.001-0.002, respectively). In the KOA group, the BBS was weakly to moderately correlated with proprioception, PTS, pain, ROM, and strength (r: 0.332-0.501, 0.197-0.291, 0.340, 0.212-0.508, and 0.236-0.336, respectively). While in the control group, the BBS was correlated with proprioception and strength (r: 0.207-0.379, and 0.212-0.410). In the KOA group, BBS = 54.41+ (0.668strength) - (0.579PTS) - (1.141proprioception) + (1.054 ROM) - (0.339pain). While in the control group, BBS = 53.85+ (0.441strength) - (0.677*proprioception).
Worse proprioception and PTS, smaller ROM, and less strength were detected among older adults with KOA, and their proprioception, PTS, pain, ROM, and strength were all related to balance control. Proprioception had the strongest correlations, followed by ROM, strength, pain, and PTS. Precise KOA rehabilitation programs may be proposed following the sequence of improving the five factors.
膝关节骨关节炎（KOA）患者跌倒风险较高，这归因于其平衡控制受损。识别与平衡控制相关的因素有助于制定精确的KOA康复计划。本研究旨在调查有和没有KOA的老年人的平衡控制与本体感觉、足底触觉（PTS）、疼痛、关节活动范围（ROM）和力量之间的相关性，以及这些因素与平衡控制的相关程度和顺序。
共招募了240名有（n = 124，女性：84名，年龄：68.8±4.0岁）和没有（n = 116，女性：64名，年龄：67.9±3.5岁）KOA的老年人，并将其分为KOA组和对照组。测量了他们的本体感觉、PTS、疼痛、ROM和力量。使用Pearson或Spearman相关性检验它们是否与Berg平衡量表（BBS）显著相关，并使用因子分析和多元线性回归来确定每个因素与BBS之间的相关程度。
与对照组相比，KOA组的BBS评分较低，本体感觉和PTS阈值较大，ROM较小，力量较弱（p分别为0.008、<0.001 - 0.016、<0.001 - 0.005、<0.001 - 0.014和<0.001 - 0.002）。在KOA组中，BBS与本体感觉、PTS、疼痛、ROM和力量呈弱至中度相关（r分别为0.332 - 0.501、0.197 - 0.291、0.340、0.212 - 0.508和0.236 - 0.336）。而在对照组中，BBS与本体感觉和力量相关（r分别为0.207 - 0.379和0.212 - 0.410）。在KOA组中，BBS = 54.41 + （0.668×力量） - （0.579×PTS） - （1.141×本体感觉） + （1.054×ROM） - （0.339×疼痛）。而在对照组中，BBS = 53.85 + （0.441×力量） - （0.677×本体感觉）。
在患有KOA的老年人中检测到较差的本体感觉和PTS、较小的ROM和较弱的力量，并且他们的本体感觉、PTS、疼痛、ROM和力量均与平衡控制相关。本体感觉的相关性最强，其次是ROM、力量、疼痛和PTS。可以按照改善这五个因素的顺序提出精确的KOA康复计划。
