Harris R L, Williams T W
Rev Infect Dis. 1985 Jan-Feb;7(1):119-22. doi: 10.1093/clinids/7.1.116.
In 1880, Dr. J. Ritter wrote a classic infectious disease article (originally in German) on psittacosis entitled, "Contribution to the Question of Pneumotyphus." In this article, Ritter meticulously describes a mini-epidemic--in which three individuals died--of seven cases of psittacosis caused by parrots and finches caged in the study of his brother's house in Uster, Switzerland. Ritter accurately identified the study as the site of the source of infection, considered the birds as vectors, and determined both the incubation period and the nontransmissability of the disease from human to human. His main differential diagnosis was a choice between typhoid and typhus; with pneumonitis being the main pathologic finding, he coined the term pneumotyphus. Ritter's article elegantly describes the clinical presentation, epidemiology, pathologic findings, and natural history of infection due to Chlamydia psittaci. Ritter's astute observations and their significance are discussed in this paper.
1880年，J. 里特医生撰写了一篇关于鹦鹉热的经典传染病文章（原文为德文），题为《对肺伤寒问题的贡献》。在这篇文章中，里特详细描述了一场小规模疫情——其中三人死亡——该疫情由瑞士乌斯特他哥哥家中所笼养的鹦鹉和雀类引发，共七例鹦鹉热病例。里特准确地将该住所确定为感染源地，将鸟类视为传播媒介，并确定了疾病的潜伏期以及人与人之间的非传播性。他主要的鉴别诊断是在伤寒和斑疹伤寒之间做出选择；由于肺炎是主要的病理表现，他创造了“肺伤寒”这个术语。里特的文章精准地描述了鹦鹉热衣原体感染的临床表现、流行病学、病理表现及自然病程。本文将讨论里特的敏锐观察及其意义。
