Department of Endoscopy Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
Int J Biol Markers. 2024 Sep;39(3):226-238. doi: 10.1177/03936155241258780. Epub 2024 Jun 11.
Early identification and therapy can significantly improve the outcome for gastric cancer. However, there is still no perfect biomarker available for the detection of early gastric cancer. This study aimed to investigate the alterations in the plasma metabolites of early gastric cancer using metabolomics and lipidomics based on high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS), which detected potential biomarkers that could be used for clinical diagnosis.
To investigate the changes in metabolomics and lipidomics, a total of 30 plasma samples were collected, consisting of 15 patients with early gastric cancer and 15 healthy controls. Extensive HPLC-MS-based untargeted metabolomic and lipidomic investigations were conducted. Differential metabolites and metabolic pathways were uncovered through the utilization of statistical analysis and bioinformatics analysis. Candidate biomarker screening was performed using support vector machine-based multivariate receiver operating characteristic analysis.
A disturbance was observed in a combined total of 19 metabolites and 67 lipids of the early gastric cancer patients. The analysis of KEGG pathways showed that the early gastric cancer patients experienced disruptions in the arginine biosynthesis pathway, the pathway for alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism, as well as the pathway for glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism. Plasma metabolomics and lipidomics have identified multiple biomarker panels that can effectively differentiate early gastric cancer patients from healthy controls, exhibiting an area under the curve exceeding 0.9.
These metabolites and lipids could potentially serve as biomarkers for the screening of early gastric cancer, thereby optimizing the strategy for the detection of early gastric cancer. The disrupted pathways implicated in early gastric cancer provide new clues for additional understanding of gastric cancer's pathogenesis. Nonetheless, large-scale clinical data are required to prove our findings.
早期识别和治疗可以显著改善胃癌的预后。然而，目前仍然没有完美的生物标志物可用于早期胃癌的检测。本研究旨在通过基于高效液相色谱-质谱（HPLC-MS）的代谢组学和脂质组学研究，探讨早期胃癌患者血浆代谢物的变化，以寻找潜在的可用于临床诊断的生物标志物。
为了研究代谢组学和脂质组学的变化，共收集了 30 例血浆样本，包括 15 例早期胃癌患者和 15 例健康对照者。采用 HPLC-MS 进行了广泛的非靶向代谢组学和脂质组学研究。通过统计分析和生物信息学分析，揭示了差异代谢物和代谢途径。采用支持向量机多元接收器工作特征分析进行候选生物标志物筛选。
早期胃癌患者共出现 19 种代谢物和 67 种脂质的紊乱。KEGG 通路分析显示，早期胃癌患者的精氨酸生物合成途径、丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢途径以及乙醛酸和二羧酸代谢途径受到干扰。血浆代谢组学和脂质组学鉴定出多个能够有效区分早期胃癌患者和健康对照者的生物标志物组合，曲线下面积均超过 0.9。
这些代谢物和脂质可能作为早期胃癌筛查的生物标志物，从而优化早期胃癌的检测策略。涉及早期胃癌的紊乱途径为进一步了解胃癌的发病机制提供了新的线索。然而，需要大规模的临床数据来验证我们的发现。
