Shetty Manish, Adiga Deepa Sowkur Anandarama, G V Chaithra
Department of Pathology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
Iran J Pathol. 2024 Winter;19(1):50-58. doi: 10.30699/IJP.2024.1998898.3092. Epub 2024 Mar 29.
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Penile squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is an extremely rare malignancy. It is usually caused by chronic human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 and HPV 18 infections. This study was conducted to investigate the immunohistochemical overexpression of p16, a surrogate marker for HPV, and to evaluate its usefulness as a potential diagnostic biomarker.
In this cross-sectional prospective and retrospective cohort study, 56 penile squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) specimens and five penile premalignant specimens were evaluated in Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, India, from January 2013- December 2018 in terms of clinical and histopathological features. Immunohistochemical expression for p16 in cases and controls was evaluated. Statistical comparison of p16 expression among clinical features, histological subtype, grade, and stages of tumor were done.
Analysis of the pattern of p16 staining showed diffuse and strong nuclear and cytoplasmic expression in 32.8% of the cases. There was a highly significant association (<0.001) of pattern of p16 expression among the HPV and non-HPV subtypes of penile carcinoma. p16 expression was not significantly associated with other prognostic parameters like site of the lesion, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, histologic grade, and pathologic stage.
Expression of p16 would be a useful tool in differentiation between the HPV-associated and non-HPV-associated subtypes of penile SCC that may be helpful in prediction of aggressiveness and invasive potential of the respective histologic subtypes.
阴茎鳞状细胞癌（SCC）是一种极为罕见的恶性肿瘤。它通常由慢性人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）16型和HPV 18型感染引起。本研究旨在调查HPV替代标志物p16的免疫组化过表达情况，并评估其作为潜在诊断生物标志物的效用。
在这项横断面前瞻性和回顾性队列研究中，2013年1月至2018年12月期间，在印度芒格洛尔的卡斯图尔巴医学院对56例阴茎鳞状细胞癌（SCC）标本和5例阴茎癌前病变标本的临床和组织病理学特征进行了评估。对病例和对照中p16的免疫组化表达进行了评估。对肿瘤的临床特征、组织学亚型、分级和分期之间的p16表达进行了统计学比较。
p16染色模式分析显示，32.8%的病例中存在弥漫性强核和细胞质表达。阴茎癌的HPV和非HPV亚型之间p16表达模式存在高度显著关联（<0.001）。p16表达与其他预后参数如病变部位、淋巴管浸润、神经周围浸润、组织学分级和病理分期无显著关联。
p16的表达将是区分阴茎SCC的HPV相关和非HPV相关亚型的有用工具，这可能有助于预测各组织学亚型的侵袭性和浸润潜能。
