人乳头瘤病毒与阴茎癌的关系——对预防和治疗的启示
Relationship between human papillomavirus and penile cancer-implications for prevention and treatment.
作者信息
Kidd Laura C, Chaing Sharon, Chipollini Juan, Giuliano Anna R, Spiess Philippe E, Sharma Pranav
机构信息
Department of Urology, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA.
Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA.
出版信息
Transl Androl Urol. 2017 Oct;6(5):791-802. doi: 10.21037/tau.2017.06.27.
Abstract
Penile cancer is a rare disease in the United States, but rates are increasing, causing concern. Several risk factors have been associated with the disease, including human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Knowledge of HPV pathogenesis has led to the development of a vaccine, which has proven instrumental in reducing the incidence of female HPV-related cancers, but results in men have yet to be elucidated. Fortunately, rates of vaccination are up-trending in both males and females in the past several years. In addition, targeted therapies are the focus of several ongoing research efforts. Some of these therapeutics are currently in use, while several are in trials. With continued patient education and research, both treatment and prevention of HPV-related pre-malignant lesions and penile cancer will likely diminish.
摘要
阴茎癌在美国是一种罕见疾病，但发病率正在上升，令人担忧。该疾病与多种风险因素相关，包括人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染。对HPV发病机制的了解促使了一种疫苗的研发，这种疫苗已被证明有助于降低女性HPV相关癌症的发病率，但在男性中的效果尚待阐明。幸运的是，在过去几年中，男性和女性的疫苗接种率都呈上升趋势。此外，靶向治疗是几项正在进行的研究工作的重点。其中一些治疗方法目前正在使用，还有几种正在进行试验。随着对患者持续的教育和研究，HPV相关癌前病变和阴茎癌的治疗与预防很可能都会减少。
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