Center for Nutrition Research and Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
Center for Nutrition Research and Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Biomedical Research Centre Network in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
J Nutr Health Aging. 2024 Jul;28(7):100289. doi: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100289. Epub 2024 Jun 11.
Innovative precision dietary procedures are required to promote healthy aging. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a personalised strategy based on the inclusion of individualised foods and digital tools on overall health status and quality of life within a follow-up of 3 months in older adults with overweight or obesity.
127 men and women aged between 50 and 80 years with overweight/obesity participated in the study-between January 2020 and September 2020 at the Center for Nutrition Research-University of Navarra and IMDEA-ALIMENTACIÓN-and were randomly assigned to a usual-care group (standard recommendations) or precision group (precision nutrition strategy based on the inclusion of individualised foods and a mobile application). Anthropometry, body fat percentage, biochemical parameters, diet, and quality of life (SF-36 Health Survey) were assessed at baseline and after 3 months.
Both strategies were found to improve overall metabolic health; however, the precision approach demonstrated significantly better outcomes. The precision strategy reduced body weight at 3 months (-4.3 kg; p < 0.001) with significant improvements in body fat percentage, blood pressure and general metabolic health (glycated haemoglobin; alanine aminotransferase; aspartate aminotransferase; hepatic steatosis index) in comparison with the standard recommendations. The precision approach significantly enhanced the quality of life (SF-36) of individuals, with additional improvements in emotional well-being (p = 0.024) and vitality (p = 0.008). Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was significantly associated with a higher quality of life and vitality.
These results support the benefit of precision nutrition approaches for promoting healthy aging and emotional well-being, enhancing the quality of life in aging populations, during the COVID-19 pandemic.
需要创新的精准饮食方法来促进健康老龄化。本研究旨在评估在超重或肥胖的老年人中，为期 3 个月的随访中，基于纳入个体化食物和数字工具的个性化策略对整体健康状况和生活质量的影响。
2020 年 1 月至 9 月，共有 127 名年龄在 50 至 80 岁之间的超重/肥胖男性和女性参加了这项研究，他们在纳瓦拉大学营养研究中心和 IMDEA-ALIMENTACIÓN 参加了研究，并被随机分配到常规护理组（标准建议）或精准组（基于个体化食物和移动应用程序的精准营养策略）。在基线和 3 个月后评估了人体测量学、体脂肪百分比、生化参数、饮食和生活质量（SF-36 健康调查）。
两种策略都被发现改善了整体代谢健康；然而，精准方法的效果明显更好。与标准建议相比，精准策略在 3 个月时体重减轻了 4.3 公斤（p<0.001），体脂肪百分比、血压和一般代谢健康（糖化血红蛋白；丙氨酸氨基转移酶；天冬氨酸氨基转移酶；肝脂肪变性指数）也有显著改善。与标准建议相比，精准方法显著提高了个体的生活质量（SF-36），情绪健康（p=0.024）和活力（p=0.008）也有额外改善。对地中海饮食的依从性与更高的生活质量和活力显著相关。
这些结果支持精准营养方法在促进健康老龄化和情绪健康方面的益处，在 COVID-19 大流行期间提高老龄化人群的生活质量。
