Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Kharazmi University, 15719-14911 Tehran, 15719-14911, Iran; Department of Environmental Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey.
National Research Center on Membrane Technologies, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey; Nano Science and Nano Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey.
Chemosphere. 2024 Aug;362:142583. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142583. Epub 2024 Jun 10.
In this work, the hydrophobic polyethersulfone (PES) membrane was modified by incorporating TiAlCN MAX phase. Synthesis of TiAlCN MAX phase was performed using the reactive sintering method. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed a 3D compressed layered morphology for the synthesized MAX phase. The TiAlCN MAX phase was added to the casting solution, and the mixed-matrix membranes were fabricated by the non-solvent induced phase inversion method. The performance and antifouling features of bare and modified membranes were explored by pure water flux, flux recovery ratio (FRR), and fouling resistance parameters. Through the modification of membranes by introducing the TiAlCN MAX phase, the enhancement of these features was observed, in which the membrane containing 1 wt% of MAX phase showed 17.7 L/m.h.bar of permeability and 98.6% for FRR. Also, the separation efficiency of all membranes was evaluated by rejecting organic and inorganic pollutants. The TiAlCN MAX membranes could reject 96%, 95%, and 88% of reactive blue 50, Rose Bengal, and azithromycin antibiotics, respectively, as well as 98%, 80%, 86%, and 36% of Pb, As, NaSO and NaCl, respectively. Finally, the outcomes indicated the TiAlCN MAX phase was an excellent and efficient novel additive for modifying the PES membrane.
在这项工作中，通过掺入 TiAlCN MAX 相来改性疏水性聚醚砜 (PES) 膜。使用反应烧结法合成 TiAlCN MAX 相。扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 图像显示合成的 MAX 相具有 3D 压缩层状形态。将 TiAlCN MAX 相添加到铸膜液中，并通过非溶剂致相转化法制备混合基质膜。通过纯水通量、通量恢复率 (FRR) 和污染阻力参数探索了裸膜和改性膜的性能和抗污染特性。通过引入 TiAlCN MAX 相来改性膜，观察到这些特性得到了增强，其中含有 1wt% MAX 相的膜的渗透率为 17.7 L/m.h.bar，FRR 为 98.6%。此外，还通过截留有机和无机污染物来评估所有膜的分离效率。TiAlCN MAX 膜分别可以截留 96%、95%和 88%的活性蓝 50、孟加拉玫瑰红和阿奇霉素抗生素，以及 98%、80%、86%和 36%的 Pb、As、NaSO 和 NaCl。最后，结果表明 TiAlCN MAX 相是一种优异且高效的新型添加剂，可用于改性 PES 膜。
