Abdelrahman Kholoud N, Abdel Ghany Abdel Ghany A, Saber Refaat A, Osman Ali, Sitohy Basel, Sitohy Mahmoud
Faculty of Development and Technology, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
Heliyon. 2024 May 31;10(11):e32222. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32222. eCollection 2024 Jun 15.
Natural colorants, including natural pigments, e.g., anthocyanins, carotenoids, and chlorophylls, in novel and attractive food matrixes have become a popular trend. They impart favorite colors to food products and provide significant therapeutic effects. This study is aimed at extracting and identifying some natural pigments from different plant sources and evaluating their ability as antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities.
The anthocyanin-rich extract (ARE) is derived from three natural plant sources: pomegranate peel (), chili pepper fruit (), and flowers. are analyzed for biochemical composition, as well as antioxidant, antibacterial, and anticancer activity, HPLC, DPPH, FRAP, disc diffusion assay, MIC, MTT, VEGFR-2, and caspase-9 assays.
All three extracts had varying total phenolic contents, ranging from 14 to 466 mg GAE/g extract, where was the highest (466 mg GAE/g extract), followed by (180 mg GAE/g extract), and then (14 mg GAE/g extract). The antioxidant activity rose steadily with raising concentration. The ARE of pomegranate peels recorded highest value, followed by flowers and chili pepper fruit. The MTT assay revealed an inhibitory action of the tested extracts on the proliferation of HCT-116, MCF-7, and HepG2 in a concentration-based manner. Gene expression of caspase-9 transcripts was considerably multiplied by the application of ARE of pomegranate peels. All the tested extracts inhibited VEGFR-2, and the inhibition (%) expanded gradually with increasing concentrations, achieving the highest value (80 %) at 10 μg/mL. The ARE of pomegranate peels scored highest antibacterial activity, followed by ARE of chili pepper fruit and flowers. The inhibition zone diameter escalated gradually with rising concentrations of the tested samples.
The AREs of the three studied plant sources can be used as multifunctional products with antioxidant, anticancer, and antibacterial activities that are natural, safe, and cheap.
在新颖且吸引人的食品基质中，包括天然色素（如花色苷、类胡萝卜素和叶绿素）在内的天然着色剂已成为一种流行趋势。它们赋予食品喜爱的颜色，并具有显著的治疗效果。本研究旨在从不同植物来源中提取和鉴定一些天然色素，并评估它们作为抗菌、抗氧化和抗癌活性的能力。
富含花色苷的提取物（ARE）来自三种天然植物来源：石榴皮、辣椒果实和[花的名称未给出]花。对其进行生化成分分析，以及抗氧化、抗菌和抗癌活性、高效液相色谱法（HPLC）、二苯基苦味酰基自由基（DPPH）、铁离子还原抗氧化能力（FRAP）、纸片扩散法、最低抑菌浓度（MIC）、噻唑蓝（MTT）、血管内皮生长因子受体2（VEGFR - 2）和半胱天冬酶 - 9（caspase - 9）测定。
所有三种提取物的总酚含量各不相同，范围为14至466毫克没食子酸当量/克提取物，其中[含量最高的植物名称未给出]最高（466毫克没食子酸当量/克提取物），其次是[含量次之的植物名称未给出]（180毫克没食子酸当量/克提取物），然后是[含量最低的植物名称未给出]（14毫克没食子酸当量/克提取物）。抗氧化活性随着浓度升高而稳步上升。石榴皮的ARE记录了最高值；其次是[花的名称未给出]花和辣椒果实。MTT测定显示，受试提取物对HCT - 116、MCF - 7和HepG2细胞的增殖具有基于浓度的抑制作用。石榴皮的ARE应用后，半胱天冬酶 - 9转录本的基因表达显著增加。所有受试提取物均抑制VEGFR - 2，且抑制率（%）随着浓度增加而逐渐扩大，在10微克/毫升时达到最高值（80%）。石榴皮的ARE具有最高的抗菌活性，其次是辣椒果实的ARE和[花的名称未给出]花的ARE。受试样品浓度升高时，抑菌圈直径逐渐增大。
三种研究植物来源的ARE可作为具有抗氧化、抗癌和抗菌活性的多功能产品使用，这些产品天然、安全且廉价。
