Nagano Shiho, Kamimura Naoto, Sota Satoko, Takahashi Hidetoshi, Suganuma Narufumi, Kazui Hiroaki
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kochi Medical School Kochi University Kochi Japan.
Department of Psychiatry Kochi Health Sciences Center Kochi Japan.
PCN Rep. 2023 May 25;2(2):e104. doi: 10.1002/pcn5.104. eCollection 2023 Jun.
Characteristics of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) that persist into old age are often confused with symptoms of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and the actual rate of probable ADHD in people with MCI is unknown. This study estimated the proportion of MCI patients with probable ADHD and investigated the factors to identify MCI patients with probable ADHD.
We recruited 36 elderly patients (11 males, 25 females, mean age 72.4 ± 7.6 years) who met the MCI criteria. The MCI patients were classified as those with [MCI/ADHD (+)] and without [MCI/ADHD (-)] probable ADHD, according to the Wender Utah Rating Scale scores. The autism features, inattention, and hyperactivity features during childhood and current periods, estimated intelligence quotient, and demographic data were compared between the groups. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors of MCI/ADHD (+) patients.
Nine (25.0%) and 27 patients were added into the MCI/ADHD (+) and MCI/ADHD (-) groups, respectively. The MCI/ADHD (+) group mostly comprised men, those who visited the clinic at a younger age, had more years of schooling, and had strong autism spectrum disorder tendencies. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated male sex and current hyperactivity as significant predictors of probable ADHD in MCI patients.
A quarter of the patients with MCI had probable ADHD. Male sex and hyperactivity at the time of MCI diagnosis might help in predicting probable ADHD in MCI patients. However, these results were obtained from a single-center, small-case study and should be confirmed via longitudinal studies with a large number of cases.
持续到老年的注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）特征常与轻度认知障碍（MCI）症状相混淆，MCI患者中可能患ADHD的实际比例尚不清楚。本研究估计了可能患有ADHD的MCI患者比例，并调查了识别可能患有ADHD的MCI患者的因素。
我们招募了36名符合MCI标准的老年患者（11名男性，25名女性，平均年龄72.4±7.6岁）。根据温德犹他评定量表评分，将MCI患者分为可能患有ADHD的[MCI/ADHD（+）]组和未患有ADHD的[MCI/ADHD（-）]组。比较两组之间儿童期和当前时期的自闭症特征、注意力不集中和多动特征、估计智商以及人口统计学数据。进行多因素逻辑回归分析以确定MCI/ADHD（+）患者的因素。
分别有9名（25.0%）和27名患者被纳入MCI/ADHD（+）组和MCI/ADHD（-）组。MCI/ADHD（+）组大多为男性，年龄较小就诊、受教育年限较多且有较强自闭症谱系障碍倾向。多因素逻辑回归分析表明，男性和当前多动是MCI患者可能患有ADHD的重要预测因素。
四分之一的MCI患者可能患有ADHD。MCI诊断时的男性性别和多动可能有助于预测MCI患者可能患有ADHD。然而，这些结果来自单中心、小样本研究，应通过大量病例的纵向研究加以证实。
